McKenzie K Jancsura, William A Grobman, Jiqiang Wu, Hanna M Griffis, Michael D Wirth, David M Haas, Robert M Silver, Maisa N Feghali, Uma M Reddy, Lisa Levine, George Saade, Lynn M Yee, Karen L Lindsay, Kartik K Venkatesh
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Plant-based diets are increasingly popular and may improve cardiometabolic health, but their association with adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs) is unclear; and dietary patterns are influenced by food access.
Objective: We investigated whether adherence to plant-based dietary patterns were associated with APOs and whether the association varied by neighborhood food access.
Methods: This is a secondary analysis using data from the Nulliparous Pregnancy Outcomes Study-Monitoring Mothers-to-Be (nuMoM2b) cohort. Diet scores for the newer Healthy Plant-Based Diet Index (hPDI) and more established Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) were derived from first-trimester Block Food Frequency Questionnaires and assessed in tertiles (T1= "low", T3= "high"). APOs included hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), preterm birth (PTB), small-for-gestational-age (SGA), large-for-gestational-age (LGA), and stillbirth. Modified Poisson regression models were used, adjusting for age, income, education, and health insurance.
Results: Among 7,981 nulliparous individuals, higher hPDI scores were associated with lower risk of HDP (T3 vs. T1: aRR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.64 to 0.92; T2 vs. T1 aRR: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.70 to 0.97) and GDM (T3 vs. T1: aRR: 0.55; 95% CI: 0.39 to 0.76; T2 vs. T1: aRR: 0.71; 95% CI: 0.54 to 0.95). Higher DASH scores were associated with lower risk of HDP (T3 vs. T1: aRR 0.83; 95% CI: 0.70 to 0.98); and GDM, albeit for the second tertile only (T2 vs. T1: aRR 0.69; 95% CI 0.52 to 0.90). Neither diet was associated with PTB, SGA, or LGA. The frequency of low food access decreased across tertiles for both the hPDI and DASH (p<0.05), but the associations between diet and APOs did not vary by food access (p>.05).
Conclusions: A healthy plant-based diet in early pregnancy was associated with a lower risk of developing HDP and GDM in nulliparous individuals, which was similar with a DASH diet.
期刊介绍：
The Journal of Nutrition (JN/J Nutr) publishes peer-reviewed original research papers covering all aspects of experimental nutrition in humans and other animal species; special articles such as reviews and biographies of prominent nutrition scientists; and issues, opinions, and commentaries on controversial issues in nutrition. Supplements are frequently published to provide extended discussion of topics of special interest.
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