Taylor Sauder, Madison Ricard, Jennifer Loewen, Vanessa Cowan
{"title":"A retrospective case series of companion animals hospitalized for ethylene glycol poisoning at a Canadian veterinary teaching hospital.","authors":"Taylor Sauder, Madison Ricard, Jennifer Loewen, Vanessa Cowan","doi":"","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ethylene glycol (EG), the toxic ingredient in some antifreeze products, is a potent animal poison.</p><p><strong>Objective and animals: </strong>Our objective was to characterize EG poisoning in cats and dogs hospitalized at a Canadian veterinary teaching hospital.</p><p><strong>Procedure: </strong>We conducted a medical record review.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-one cases were included from the 17-year study period (dogs <i>n</i> = 15, cats <i>n</i> = 6). Common signalments were young male intact dogs (<i>n</i> = 5) and adult spayed female cats (<i>n</i> = 4). More cases were presented in summer (<i>n</i> = 10) than other seasons. Cases were often presented > 8 h after onset of signs (<i>n</i> = 12). Diagnostic tests included venous blood gas (<i>n</i> = 17), serum chemistry (<i>n</i> = 14), urinalysis (<i>n</i> = 14), AFAST/TFAST (<i>n</i> = 6), and full abdominal ultrasonography (<i>n</i> = 2). The most common treatments were IV fluids (<i>n</i> = 17) and 4-methylpyrazole (<i>n</i> = 8). The survival-to-discharge rates were 33% and 0% for dogs and cats, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Poisoning with EG had a high fatality rate in dogs and cats presented to the emergency clinic. Animals were often presented late in the course of poisoning, making antidotal therapy unsuccessful.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Regardless of time of year, EG should be considered a differential diagnosis for animals with CNS depression, gastrointestinal signs, and evidence of acute kidney injury. In clinics that do not have commercial diagnostic tests available, the authors recommend combining findings from venous blood gas, urinalysis, ultrasonography, and a Wood's lamp screen to establish a diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9429,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Veterinary Journal-revue Veterinaire Canadienne","volume":"67 5","pages":"553-562"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0000,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13142060/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Canadian Veterinary Journal-revue Veterinaire Canadienne","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"VETERINARY SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Ethylene glycol (EG), the toxic ingredient in some antifreeze products, is a potent animal poison.
Objective and animals: Our objective was to characterize EG poisoning in cats and dogs hospitalized at a Canadian veterinary teaching hospital.
Procedure: We conducted a medical record review.
Results: Twenty-one cases were included from the 17-year study period (dogs n = 15, cats n = 6). Common signalments were young male intact dogs (n = 5) and adult spayed female cats (n = 4). More cases were presented in summer (n = 10) than other seasons. Cases were often presented > 8 h after onset of signs (n = 12). Diagnostic tests included venous blood gas (n = 17), serum chemistry (n = 14), urinalysis (n = 14), AFAST/TFAST (n = 6), and full abdominal ultrasonography (n = 2). The most common treatments were IV fluids (n = 17) and 4-methylpyrazole (n = 8). The survival-to-discharge rates were 33% and 0% for dogs and cats, respectively.
Conclusion: Poisoning with EG had a high fatality rate in dogs and cats presented to the emergency clinic. Animals were often presented late in the course of poisoning, making antidotal therapy unsuccessful.
Clinical relevance: Regardless of time of year, EG should be considered a differential diagnosis for animals with CNS depression, gastrointestinal signs, and evidence of acute kidney injury. In clinics that do not have commercial diagnostic tests available, the authors recommend combining findings from venous blood gas, urinalysis, ultrasonography, and a Wood's lamp screen to establish a diagnosis.
期刊介绍：
The Canadian Veterinary Journal (CVJ) provides a forum for the discussion of all matters relevant to the veterinary profession. The mission of the Journal is to educate by informing readers of progress in clinical veterinary medicine, clinical veterinary research, and related fields of endeavor. The key objective of The CVJ is to promote the art and science of veterinary medicine and the betterment of animal health.
A report suggesting that animals have been unnecessarily subjected to adverse, stressful, or harsh conditions or treatments will not be processed for publication. Experimental studies using animals will only be considered for publication if the studies have been approved by an institutional animal care committee, or equivalent, and the guidelines of the Canadian Council on Animal Care, or equivalent, have been followed by the author(s).
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