Fully Wireless and Flexible Valves for Multiplexed and Prolonged Intravesical Liquid Release.

Abstract

Minimally invasive, long-term, and precisely controlled drug delivery is essential for treating bladder diseases such as interstitial cystitis and bladder cancer. However, conventional approaches, including injection-based delivery and indwelling catheters, offer limited controllability, cause patient discomfort, and increase the risk of infection and tissue irritation. Existing intravesical devices further lack active control over drug release, are restricted to single therapeutic agents, and may induce bladder overactivity due to continuous mechanical stimulation. Here, we present a strategy to remotely control multiple flexible magnetic valves on a soft robotic patch for controlled, multiplexed, and sustained liquid delivery. The device integrates magnetic valves with soft osmotic pumps to achieve precise dosing, selective release, and on-demand mixing of multiple therapeutics. Release rates are tuned by modulating valve duty cycles, while coordinated multi-valve actuation enables independent ejection and programmable mixing. A bioadhesive soft patch provides stable attachment to wet bladder tissue for over seven days. Wireless, selective valve control is achieved using a portable magnetic actuation system with wireless sensing feedback. Phantom and ex vivo porcine bladder studies demonstrate robust adhesion, controlled multiplexed delivery, and long-term operational stability. This platform establishes a foundation for minimally invasive and on-demand intravesical therapy for precision medicine.