Imidazolium-based Ionic Liquids Modified Amberlite Resin for Valeric Acid Removal from Water

IF 3 4区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Water, Air, & Soil Pollution Pub Date : 2026-05-05 DOI:10.1007/s11270-026-09526-w

Özge Yalçın, Nilay Baylan, Süheyla Çehreli

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Abstract

This paper attempts to test the ionic liquids (ILs) modified Amberlite XAD-4 resins as novel and effective adsorbents for valeric acid (VA) removal from aqueous solutions by adsorption. In this regard, the adsorption performance and mechanism of Amberlite XAD-4 resin with imidazolium-based ILs, namely 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([BMIM][PF₆]), and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([BMIM][Tf₂N]), were investigated. The unmodified XAD-4 and ionic liquids modified Amberlite XAD-4 resins (XAD-4/IL1 and XAD-4/IL2) have been characterized with FTIR, XRD, and SEM analysis. The characterization results confirmed that the successful IL modification onto the resin surface. In batch adsorption experiments, the influence of initial VA concentrations (1–3% w/w), temperature (25–45 ^oC), and resin dosage (0.01–0.05 g) on adsorption capacity was conducted. Additionally, adsorption isotherm, kinetics and thermodynamic modeling were carried out to determine the adsorption mechanism. IL modification, specifically with [Tf₂N]⁻ based anion, significantly improved the adsorption performance of Amberlite XAD-4 for VA. The highest q_e values were determined at the conditions of lower temperature (25 °C), maximum initial VA concentration (3% w/w), and minumum adsorbent dosage (0.01 g) as 1006.41 mg.g⁻¹, 1123.31 mg.g⁻¹, and 1307.94 mg.g⁻¹ for XAD-4, XAD-4/IL1 and XAD-4/IL2, respectively. Imidazolium-based ILs modified XAD-4 can be an alternative as an innovative and effective adsorbent for VA uptake from aqueous medium.

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咪唑基离子液体改性琥珀石树脂去除水中戊酸的研究

本文试图测试离子液体（ILs）修饰的Amberlite XAD-4树脂作为吸附去除水溶液中戊酸（VA）的新型有效吸附剂。为此，研究了Amberlite XAD-4树脂对咪唑基il，即1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐（[BMIM][PF6]）和1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑双（三氟甲基磺酰基）亚胺（[BMIM][Tf2N]）的吸附性能和机理。用FTIR、XRD和SEM对未改性的XAD-4和离子液体改性的Amberlite XAD-4树脂（XAD-4/IL1和XAD-4/IL2）进行了表征。表征结果证实了IL在树脂表面的成功修饰。在批量吸附实验中，考察了初始VA浓度（1 ~ 3% w/w）、温度（25 ~ 45℃）、树脂用量（0.01 ~ 0.05 g）对吸附量的影响。此外，通过吸附等温线、动力学和热力学模型来确定吸附机理。用[Tf₂N]毒离子修饰后，可以显著提高安伯石XAD-4对VA的吸附性能，在较低温度（25℃）、最大初始VA浓度（3% w/w）和最小吸附剂用量（0.01 g）条件下，XAD-4、XAD-4/IL1和XAD-4/IL2的qe值分别为1006.41 mg.g - 1、1123.31 mg.g - 1和1307.94 mg.g - 1。咪唑基il改性XAD-4可以作为一种创新和有效的吸附剂从水介质中吸收VA。

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来源期刊

Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

6.90%

发文量

448

审稿时长

2.6 months

期刊介绍： Water, Air, & Soil Pollution is an international, interdisciplinary journal on all aspects of pollution and solutions to pollution in the biosphere. This includes chemical, physical and biological processes affecting flora, fauna, water, air and soil in relation to environmental pollution. Because of its scope, the subject areas are diverse and include all aspects of pollution sources, transport, deposition, accumulation, acid precipitation, atmospheric pollution, metals, aquatic pollution including marine pollution and ground water, waste water, pesticides, soil pollution, sewage, sediment pollution, forestry pollution, effects of pollutants on humans, vegetation, fish, aquatic species, micro-organisms, and animals, environmental and molecular toxicology applied to pollution research, biosensors, global and climate change, ecological implications of pollution and pollution models. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution also publishes manuscripts on novel methods used in the study of environmental pollutants, environmental toxicology, environmental biology, novel environmental engineering related to pollution, biodiversity as influenced by pollution, novel environmental biotechnology as applied to pollution (e.g. bioremediation), environmental modelling and biorestoration of polluted environments. Articles should not be submitted that are of local interest only and do not advance international knowledge in environmental pollution and solutions to pollution. Articles that simply replicate known knowledge or techniques while researching a local pollution problem will normally be rejected without review. Submitted articles must have up-to-date references, employ the correct experimental replication and statistical analysis, where needed and contain a significant contribution to new knowledge. The publishing and editorial team sincerely appreciate your cooperation. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution publishes research papers; review articles; mini-reviews; and book reviews.