Bioinspired Nanocomposite for Targeted Immunoengineering and Improved Tendon Regeneration.

IF 18.1 Q1 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Cyborg and bionic systems (Washington, D.C.) Pub Date : 2026-04-23 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI:10.34133/cbsystems.0503

Xianfeng Wang, Zhihong Xu, Yuwen Shangguan, Biyong Deng, Hao Nan, Zhecheng Jiang, Huan Li, Litao Yan

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Abstract

Tendon healing is impaired by excessive reactive oxygen species, inflammatory cell infiltration, and insufficient osteogenic differentiation during treatment. Therefore, simultaneously modulating the local inflammatory microenvironment and enhancing osteogenic regeneration are critical for effective tendon repair. Here, we designed a biomimetic nanoparticle system, macrophage-membrane-coated Prussian blue@kartogenin (KGN@PB@CM), loaded into a Pluronic@F127/hyaluronic acid (HA-F127) thermosensitive hydrogel. The HA-F127 hydrogel provides excellent hydrophilicity and enables sustained release of M-PB@KGN nanoparticles. Leveraging homologous targeting via the cell membrane, the KGN@PB@CM nanoparticles are efficiently delivered to macrophages, promoting their polarization toward a prohealing phenotype. Concurrently, KGN enhances the migration and differentiation of stem cells. Overall, we propose a "dual-modulation" strategy (anti-inflammatory and pro-osteogenic differentiation) to synergistically accelerate tendon healing.

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生物启发纳米复合材料用于靶向免疫工程和改善肌腱再生。

在治疗过程中，过多的活性氧、炎症细胞浸润和成骨分化不足会损害肌腱的愈合。因此，同时调节局部炎症微环境和促进成骨再生是有效修复肌腱的关键。在这里，我们设计了一个仿生纳米粒子系统，巨噬细胞膜包裹的普鲁士blue@kartogenin (KGN@PB@CM)，装入Pluronic@F127/透明质酸（HA-F127）热敏水凝胶。HA-F127水凝胶具有优异的亲水性，能够持续释放M-PB@KGN纳米颗粒。利用通过细胞膜的同源靶向，KGN@PB@CM纳米颗粒被有效地递送到巨噬细胞中，促进巨噬细胞向促愈合表型极化。同时，KGN促进干细胞的迁移和分化。总的来说，我们提出了一种“双调节”策略（抗炎和促骨分化）来协同加速肌腱愈合。

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