Ultraprocessed food intake and postmenopausal breast cancer risk in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study.

IF 7.7 1区医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY

JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI:10.1093/jnci/djag124

Caitlin P O'Connell, Kaelyn F Burns, Hyokyoung G Hong, Lisa Kahle, Linda M Liao, Jessica M Madrigal, Camella J Rising, Rashmi Sinha, Neha Khandpur, Eurídice Martínez Steele, Gretchen Gierach, Erikka Loftfield

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Ultraprocessed food (UPF) intake is associated with obesity. Despite obesity being a risk factor for postmenopausal breast cancer, evidence for an association between UPF and breast cancer is limited. Our objective was to assess the association between UPF intake and postmenopausal breast cancer risk in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study.

Methods: Participants reported dietary intake via a food frequency questionnaire at baseline in 1995-1996 and were followed through 2018. Food items were disaggregated into food codes and assigned Nova classification via database linkage. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for quintiles of UPF (g (1000 kcal day-1)-1) and postmenopausal breast cancer risk overall, by estrogen receptor (ER) status, and type (invasive or ductal carcinoma in situ [DCIS]), with and without adjustment for body mass index (BMI).

Results: Among 181 460 postmenopausal women, 14 484 were diagnosed with breast cancer over a median 21 years of follow-up. Median (interquartile range) UPF intake was 284.6 (191.1-466.6) g (1000 kcal day-1)-1. No associations between UPF intake and postmenopausal breast cancer risk overall (HRQ5 vs Q1 = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.93 to 1.03; P = .32 for trend), by ER status (ER+: HRQ5 vs Q1 = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.94 to 1.09; P = .95 for trend; ER-: HRQ5 vs Q1 = 1.02, 95% CI = 0.87 to 1.20; P = .58 for trend), or by type (invasive: HRQ5 vs Q1 = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.92 to 1.04; P = .14 for trend; DCIS HRQ5 vs Q1 = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.87 to 1.13; P = .26 for trend) were observed. Following BMI adjustment, inverse trends for overall (P = .03 for trend) and invasive (P = .01 for trend) breast cancer were observed.

Conclusion(s): UPF intake was not associated with postmenopausal breast cancer in the NIH-AARP cohort. Inverse trends observed after adjusting for BMI are likely spurious, owing to overadjustment.

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标题：美国国立卫生研究院-美国退休人员协会饮食与健康研究中超加工食品摄入与绝经后乳腺癌风险

背景：UPF摄入与肥胖有关。尽管肥胖是绝经后乳腺癌的一个危险因素，但UPF与乳腺癌之间的关联证据有限。我们的目的是在NIH-AARP饮食与健康研究中评估UPF摄入量与绝经后乳腺癌风险之间的关系。方法：参与者在1995年至1996年基线时通过食物频率问卷报告饮食摄入量，并随访至2018年。食品被分解成食品代码，并通过数据库链接分配Nova分类。采用多变量Cox比例风险回归模型，根据雌激素受体（ER）状态和类型（浸润性或导管原位癌（DCIS）），在有无体重指数（BMI）调整的情况下，估计UPF （g/1000 kcal/day）和绝经后乳腺癌总体风险的五分位数的风险比（HR）和95%置信区间（CI）。结果：在181460名绝经后妇女中，14484人在中位21年的随访期间被诊断为乳腺癌。平均（IQR） UPF摄入量为284.6（191.1至466.6）克/1000千卡/天。UPF摄入与绝经后乳腺癌风险总体（HRQ5vs.Q1=0.98, 95% CI = 0.93-1.03， P趋势=0.32）、ER状态（ER+ HRQ5vs.Q1=1.01, 95% CI = 0.94-1.09， P趋势=0.95;ER-: HRQ5vs.Q1= 1.02, 95% CI = 0.87-1.20， P趋势=0.58）、类型（浸润性：HRQ5vs.Q1=0.98, 95% CI = 0.92-1.04， P趋势=0.14;DCIS HRQ5vs.Q1=1.00, 95% CI = 0.87-1.13， P趋势=0.26）均无相关性。BMI调整后，整体乳腺癌（P趋势=0.03）和浸润性乳腺癌（P趋势=0.01）呈负相关趋势。结论：在NIH-AARP队列中，UPF摄入量与绝经后乳腺癌无关。调整BMI后观察到的相反趋势可能是假的，因为过度调整。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 医学-肿瘤学

CiteScore

17.00

自引率

2.90%

发文量

203

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： The Journal of the National Cancer Institute is a reputable publication that undergoes a peer-review process. It is available in both print (ISSN: 0027-8874) and online (ISSN: 1460-2105) formats, with 12 issues released annually. The journal's primary aim is to disseminate innovative and important discoveries in the field of cancer research, with specific emphasis on clinical, epidemiologic, behavioral, and health outcomes studies. Authors are encouraged to submit reviews, minireviews, and commentaries. The journal ensures that submitted manuscripts undergo a rigorous and expedited review to publish scientifically and medically significant findings in a timely manner.