Xiaoge Man , Xinli Huang , Xinyue Min , Yijie Yan , Yuanchang Shi , Tao Li , Chengxiang Wang , Zhiwei Zhang , Longwei Yin , Rutao Wang
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Sodium-ion capacitors (SICs) typically feature a hybrid design, incorporating a battery-type anode that operates by faradaic redox reactions and an activated carbon cathode that functions through electrical double-layer (EDL) adsorption/desorption. However, the kinetics of faradaic processes are inherently slower than those of EDL processes, leading to a fundamental problem known as kinetic imbalance between the electrodes, which hinders the development of high-performance SICs. To address this, we synthesized composites of bismuth nanoparticles in N-doped carbon (Bi@NC) by a hightemperature sintering method. The resulting Bi@NC anode has a specific capacity of 300 mAh g−1 at 0.5 A g−1, an exceptional rate capability (maintaining performance at currents exceeding 75 A g−1), and outstanding cycling stability over 12 000 cycles. Three-electrode Swagelok cell tests revealed that this high-rate Bi@NC composite effectively decreases the kinetic gap with the activated carbon cathode, as shown by an analysis of their respective potential swing windows (vs. Na/Na+). This enables the fabricated SIC to achieve a maximum energy density of 115 Wh kg−1, a peak power density of 45 535 W kg−1, and a long cycle life exceeding 8 000 cycles.
钠离子电容器（sic）通常采用混合设计，包括通过法拉第氧化还原反应运行的电池型阳极和通过电双层（EDL）吸附/解吸起作用的活性炭阴极。然而，法拉第过程的动力学本质上比EDL过程慢，导致电极之间的动力学不平衡，这阻碍了高性能sic的发展。为了解决这个问题，我们用高温烧结的方法在n掺杂碳（Bi@NC）中合成了铋纳米颗粒的复合材料。由此产生的Bi@NC阳极在0.5 a g−1时具有300 mAh g−1的比容量，具有卓越的速率能力（在超过75 a g−1的电流下保持性能），并且在12,000次循环中具有出色的循环稳定性。三电极Swagelok电池测试表明，这种高速率Bi@NC复合材料有效地减小了与活性炭阴极的动力学间隙，这是通过对它们各自的电位摆动窗口（相对于Na/Na+）的分析得出的。这使得制造的SIC能够实现115 Wh kg−1的最大能量密度，45 535 W kg−1的峰值功率密度，以及超过8000次循环的长循环寿命。下载：下载高清图片（205KB）下载：下载全尺寸图片
期刊介绍：
New Carbon Materials is a scholarly journal that publishes original research papers focusing on the physics, chemistry, and technology of organic substances that serve as precursors for creating carbonaceous solids with aromatic or tetrahedral bonding. The scope of materials covered by the journal extends from diamond and graphite to a variety of forms including chars, semicokes, mesophase substances, carbons, carbon fibers, carbynes, fullerenes, and carbon nanotubes. The journal's objective is to showcase the latest research findings and advancements in the areas of formation, structure, properties, behaviors, and technological applications of carbon materials. Additionally, the journal includes papers on the secondary production of new carbon and composite materials, such as carbon-carbon composites, derived from the aforementioned carbons. Research papers on organic substances will be considered for publication only if they have a direct relevance to the resulting carbon materials.
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