Schulvermeidung – Prävention und Intervention – Ein Überblick über die Entstehung, Klassifikation und präventive Ansätze.

Abstract

Truancy - Prevention and Intervention - An Overview of the Origins, Classification, and Preventive Approaches School absenteeism is an umbrella term for any form of absence, regardless of the reason. Absence means missing out on learning content and social interaction, thereby increasing the risk of dropping out of school, youth unemployment and the development of mental illness. In order to tackle school absenteeism, it is necessary to have a good understanding of the concept and to be able to diagnose symptoms and comorbid disorders. Numerous interventions and preventive measures have been developed. Initial data from the USA show that amongst other interventions the introduction of School Attendance Teams (SATs) in schools can lead to an improvement in school attendance rates. Schools are strategically well placed to intervene when problems arise. In line with the On the Frontline for Attendance (OTFA) concept, SATs may reduce absenteeism by applying the basic models of the Multidimensional Multi- Tiered System of Support (MD-MTSS) and the Response to Intervention (RtI) model. Continuous absenteeism tracking (RtI) allows early detection of emerging non-attendance and implementation of interventions. The severity or duration of absences determines the measures to be implemented (MD-MTSS). Three levels of severity are distinguished, which can be applied at school, class, and student level. This facilitates the allocation of preventive school-wide and individual interventions, taking into account the individual school culture and the student concerned.