Structural, magnetic and optical properties of functionally tailored TiO2 nanoparticles

Abstract

We report Pristine TiO₂ (Titanium dioxide) and synthesis of its doped variants with Mn and Fe i.e. Ti_0.98Mn_0.02 (manganese doped Titanium dioxide) and Ti_0.98Fe_0.02 (iron doped Titanium dioxide) by solid-state reaction method in this study. The experiments were sintered at temperature 500 °C. Without the production of any impurity phases, X-ray diffraction investigations show the formation of the anatase phase of TiO₂ fitting to the 141/amd space set in both samples. The crystal structure does not change when 2% Mn content is added, revealing the precise replacement of Mn & Fe atoms at their locations. The variation in ionic radii is responsible for some of the observed changes in lattice characteristics and crystallite dimension in Mn & Fe-doped structures. The size of the crystallites as determined by X-ray diffraction analysis is comparable with the grain size as determined by scanning electron micrographs. The integration of Mn and Fe content in the TiO₂ structure has been verified by energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. Ferromagnetic behavior found in Mn and Fe-doped TiO₂ composition is consistent with the significant contribution of the Mn d-shell. The field of electric polarization (P–E) have a very low energy loss, according to hysteresis loops. The findings demonstrate that the sintering temperature and atmosphere had a significant impact on the magnetic properties.