Harnessing genome editing for post-harvest improvement of crops: a comprehensive bibliometric and literature review

Abstract

Post-harvest losses represent a critical challenge to global food security, necessitating innovative solutions to enhance crop longevity, quality, and resilience. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the emerging applications of genome editing technologies, particularly CRISPR/Cas9, for post-harvest trait improvement in agricultural crops. Utilizing a dual-method approach of bibliometric analysis and systematic literature review, we mapped the trajectory and intellectual landscape of this field from 2012 to 2025. Initially, 1,172 Scopus publications were initially identified. After refining to the Agricultural and Biological Sciences subject area and retaining only documents at the “Final” publication stage, 845 documents were analyzed using Biblioshiny, revealing a striking annual growth rate of 22.17%, with China and India lead in research output, while European nations and the USA demonstrate significant per-article influence. Keyword co-occurrence and thematic analysis identified three central research clusters: (1) genetic regulation of ripening and physiology, (2) applications of editing tools in breeding, and (3) enhancement of nutritional quality and biofortification. The review synthesizes compelling evidence that precision editing of key genes, such as RIN in tomato for delayed ripening, MeF6′H in cassava to reduce physiological deterioration, Vinv in potato for improved sugar profiles, and CsLOB1 in citrus for disease resistance, effectively mitigates the primary causes of post-harvest loss. We discuss how editing strategies are being deployed to extend shelf life, fortify nutritional content, enhance abiotic stress tolerance, and engineer resistance to fungal and bacterial pathogens, thereby reducing reliance on chemical interventions. We conclude that genome editing is a transformative force in post-harvest science, offering a precise and efficient alternative to conventional breeding. Future prospects lie in multiplex editing of complex traits, integration with AI and omics technologies, and navigating evolving regulatory landscapes. This technology holds immense promise for developing next-generation crops designed for durability and quality, ultimately contributing to more sustainable and resilient global food systems.