Genetic analysis of the SH gene of mumps virus genotype C in Kerala during 2024-25.

IF 1.9 4区医学 Q3 GENETICS & HEREDITY

Virus Genes Pub Date : 2026-04-10 DOI:10.1007/s11262-026-02233-y

Rajendra Kumar, Minju Sara Simon, B Aneesh, P S Chippy, Arun V Jose, Amogh Auti, D J Hima, S Aswathyraj, E Sreekumar

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Abstract

In India, the majority of mumps virus (MuV) cases are underreported, and a significant proportion of cases do not exhibit classic symptoms, such as swelling of the parotid glands. Although MuV infection is a vaccine-preventable illness, the genomic characterisation of currently circulating strains in various parts of the country is essential to understand the molecular epidemiology and vaccine coverage. The present study was designed to identify the genotypes and genetic variations within the small hydrophobic (SH) gene of MuV circulating in Kerala, India, from October 2024 to February 2025. Viral RNA was extracted from saliva and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples of individuals suspected of viral meningitis or encephalitis. These samples were tested using the TaqMan real-time PCR assay, while blood samples were analysed for IgM antibodies. A total of 45 cases were confirmed as mumps positive. Most of the laboratory-confirmed cases were children aged 3 to 7 years. Among the PCR and PCR/IgM-positive cases, 26 samples were successfully genotyped and deposited in GenBank (accession numbers PV483811-PV483836). Analysis of the SH gene from 26 MuV samples revealed that all were of genotype C, confirming it as the circulating strain. This is the first molecular epidemiological study of MuV in the region. Notable SH gene variations and amino acid differences from vaccine strains were observed. The VIS motif at positions 28-30 was conserved among the sequences. Significant variation at position 44 included substitutions H ↔ Y (+ 1), H ↔ S (-2), and Y ↔ S (-3), which may contribute to MuV pathogenesis.

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喀拉拉邦2024- 2025年流行性腮腺炎病毒C型SH基因的遗传分析

在印度，大多数腮腺炎病毒（MuV）病例的报告不足，而且很大一部分病例没有表现出典型症状，如腮腺肿胀。尽管MuV感染是一种疫苗可预防的疾病，但对该国不同地区目前流行的病毒株的基因组特征分析对于了解分子流行病学和疫苗覆盖率至关重要。本研究旨在鉴定2024年10月至2025年2月在印度喀拉拉邦流行的MuV小疏水（SH）基因的基因型和遗传变异。从疑似病毒性脑膜炎或脑炎患者的唾液和脑脊液（CSF）样本中提取病毒RNA。使用TaqMan实时PCR检测这些样本，同时分析血液样本中的IgM抗体。共有45例确诊为腮腺炎阳性。大多数实验室确诊病例为3至7岁儿童。在PCR和PCR/ igm阳性病例中，26份样本成功分型并存入GenBank（登录号PV483811-PV483836）。对26份MuV样本的SH基因分析均为基因型C，证实其为流行毒株。这是该地区首次对MuV进行分子流行病学研究。在疫苗株中观察到明显的SH基因变异和氨基酸差异。序列中28 ~ 30位的VIS基序是保守的。位置44上的显著变化包括H↔Y（+ 1）、H↔S（-2）和Y↔S（-3）的替换，这可能有助于MuV的发病。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Virus Genes 医学-病毒学

CiteScore

3.30

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Viruses are convenient models for the elucidation of life processes. The study of viruses is again on the cutting edge of biological sciences: systems biology, genomics, proteomics, metagenomics, using the newest most powerful tools. Huge amounts of new details on virus interactions with the cell, other pathogens and the hosts – animal (including human), insect, fungal, plant, bacterial, and archaeal - and their role in infection and disease are forthcoming in perplexing details requiring analysis and comments. Virus Genes is dedicated to the publication of studies on the structure and function of viruses and their genes, the molecular and systems interactions with the host and all applications derived thereof, providing a forum for the analysis of data and discussion of its implications, and the development of new hypotheses.