The effect of dietary factors and nutrients on osseointegration, dental implant success and survival: a scoping review.

Abstract

Purpose: This review aimed to evaluate the existing evidence on the effects of dietary factors and nutrients on dental implant osseointegration.

Methods: This scoping review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. Electronic searches were performed in PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, supplemented by manual searches of relevant journals. Human clinical studies published up to November 2025 were included.

Results: Out of 592 screened studies, a total of 27 clinical studies were included, comprising 13 cohort studies, 8 randomized controlled trials, 3 cross-sectional studies, 2 retrospective case-control studies, and 1 uncontrolled interventional study. Most studies focused on vitamin D, whereas evidence for other micronutrients was limited. Fifteen studies reported a positive association between vitamin D and implant osseointegration. Five studies reported no significant association, while two studies investigating vitamin B and vitamin C showed that vitamin B did not influence postoperative pain or paresthesia and vitamin C improved soft tissue healing. Sufficient vitamin D status was associated with significantly higher implant stability quotient (ISQ) values, reduced early dental implant failure (EDIF), and lower marginal bone loss (MBL).

Conclusion: Current evidence indicates that sufficient vitamin D status may support early osseointegration and implant stability, while deficiency is linked to less favorable early outcomes. Well-designed randomized controlled trials with standardized outcome measures, longer follow-up, and evaluation of additional micronutrients are needed.