MXene Nanomaterial Interfaces: Pioneering Neural Signal Recording for Brain–Computer Interfaces and Cognitive Therapy

Abstract

The development of cost-effective, high-accuracy MXene-based electrode devices is a promising approach for monitoring brain activity. The high conductivity and controllable surface chemistry make MXenes viable for neural stimulation and recording applications. In this review article of MXene integration into neural devices, we analyze the role of MXenes in advancing next-generation brain–computer interfaces (BCIs). High-resolution neural interfaces can be studied through cognitive rehabilitation investigations that examine real-time signal decoding capabilities and feedback systems in these devices. In addition to a summary of recent experimental findings from in vitro and in vivo models, the article also discusses engineering strategies for optimizing MXene-based systems for neural applications. The clinical implementation of future technologies must address challenges related to material stability and compatibility with biological tissues, as well as device miniaturization requirements. This investigation aims to evaluate MXenes as transformative materials that could drive breakthroughs in neural interface technology while advancing brain–machine interface functionality.