Pro- and Antioxidant Properties of Compositions Based on Endogenous Choline Derivatives

Abstract

The effect of endogenous quaternary ammonium compounds, derivatives of choline, acetylcholine, and L-carnitine, on the decomposition of hydroperoxides has been studied. It has been established that choline and acetylcholine in organic media form joint nanoaggregates {QAC–ROOH}, in which the radical decomposition of hydroperoxides is accelerated; choline and acetylcholine immobilized on a solid carrier (microcrystalline cellulose) retain the ability to generate radicals in the presence of hydroperoxides and initiate chain processes of oxidation and radical polymerization. L-Carnitine, unlike acetylcholine and choline, is an internal salt, and the R₄N⁺ cation is neutralized by the carboxyl group –\({\text{CO}}_{2}^{ - }\), that is, L-carnitine does not have an external counterion and, probably for this reason, differs from acetylcholine and choline in the mechanisms of adsorption and interaction with hydroperoxides. Individual L-carnitine does not affect lipid oxidation processes, but in combination with 2-ethyl-6-methyl-3-hydroxypyridine forms 2-ethyl-6-methyl-3-hydroxypyridinium carnitinate , which has antioxidant and biological activity. In this work, choline, L-carnitine, and 2-ethyl-6-methyl-3-hydroxypyridinium carnitinate are compared in terms of growth-stimulating activity using the example of wheat seed germination.