Association of GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Use with Hypersomnolence: A Real-world Cohort Analysis.

IF 2.1 Q4 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Pub Date : 2026-03-18 eCollection Date: 2026-06-01 DOI:10.1007/s40200-026-01929-0

Louie Kamel-Abusalha, Ahmed M Afifi, Abdallatif Dawoud, Zumair Hayath, Muhammad Fouad Bouso, Andre Aguillon, Ragheb Assaly

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Abstract

Our study sought to evaluate the association between Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist use and the development of hypersomnolence at 1 and 5-year timepoints. A retrospective cohort study was done using TriNetX's research network. Patients aged 18-50 with type-2 diabetes mellitus or obesity who underwent polysomnography were included. Patients were excluded if they had any prior use of antidepressants. Patients who used Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists were 1:1 propensity matched to patients without Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist exposure. The primary outcome was new onset hypersomnolence with secondary outcomes including parasomnia, narcolepsy/cataplexy, disturbed sleep, restless legs syndrome, iron deficiency, and Parkinsonism. Hazard ratios and risk ratios were calculated at 1- and 5-years. Kaplan-Meier analyses and log-rank tests were performed for time to event comparisons. After matching, there were two equal cohorts of 118,993 patients. The Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist cohort was associated with increased hypersomnolence at 1-year (HR 1.21, 95% CI 1.10-1.32; p < 0.001) and 5-years (HR 1.23, 95% CI 1.14-1.32; p < 0.001). The absolute risk increase was approximately 0.4% at 1 year and 0.7% at 5 years. Iron deficiency was significantly increased at 5-years (HR 1.11, 95% CI 1.06-1.16; p < 0.001). A decreased hazard of Parkinsonism was observed at 5-years (HR 0.26, 95% CI 0.08-0.80; p = 0.012), although event counts were low. Time to event analyses did not demonstrate statistically significant associations for parasomnia, disturbed sleep, restless legs syndrome, or narcolepsy/cataplexy. These findings highlight the need for further studies to evaluate the effects of Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists on sleep regulation and the neurophysiological consequences of these agents.

Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-026-01929-0.

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GLP-1受体激动剂与嗜睡的关联：一项真实世界队列分析。

我们的研究旨在评估胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂的使用与1年和5年时间点嗜睡的发生之间的关系。使用TriNetX的研究网络进行回顾性队列研究。年龄在18-50岁的2型糖尿病或肥胖症患者接受了多导睡眠图检查。如果患者之前使用过抗抑郁药，则排除在外。使用胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂的患者与未使用胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂的患者的倾向性匹配为1:1。主要结局是新发嗜睡，次要结局包括睡眠异常、发作性睡病/猝厥、睡眠不安、不宁腿综合征、缺铁和帕金森病。在1年和5年计算风险比和风险比。对时间-事件比较进行Kaplan-Meier分析和log-rank检验。配对后，有两个相等的队列，共118,993例患者。胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂组与1年后嗜睡增加相关（HR 1.21, 95% CI 1.10-1.32; p p p = 0.012），尽管事件计数较低。事件时间分析未显示睡眠异常、睡眠不安、不宁腿综合征或发作性睡病/猝倒有统计学意义的关联。这些发现强调需要进一步研究胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂对睡眠调节的影响以及这些药物的神经生理后果。补充资料：在线版本提供补充资料，网址为10.1007/s40200-026-01929-0。

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来源期刊

Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Medicine-Internal Medicine

CiteScore

4.80

自引率

3.60%

发文量

210

期刊介绍： Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders is a peer reviewed journal which publishes original clinical and translational articles and reviews in the field of endocrinology and provides a forum of debate of the highest quality on these issues. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, diabetes, lipid disorders, metabolic disorders, osteoporosis, interdisciplinary practices in endocrinology, cardiovascular and metabolic risk, aging research, obesity, traditional medicine, pychosomatic research, behavioral medicine, ethics and evidence-based practices.As of Jan 2018 the journal is published by Springer as a hybrid journal with no article processing charges. All articles published before 2018 are available free of charge on springerlink.Unofficial 2017 2-year Impact Factor: 1.816.