Exploring morpho-functional and cardiometabolic parameters in elite female athletes with extreme anthropometry.

IF 1.6 4区医学 Q2 ORTHOPEDICS

Physician and Sportsmedicine Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-24 DOI:10.1080/00913847.2026.2649722

Giuseppe Di Gioia, Armando Ferrera, Margherita Rigillo, Sara Monosilio, Federica Mango, Viviana Maestrini, Lucrezia Macori, Raffaella Spada, Maria Rosaria Squeo

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose: Exercise-induced cardiac adaptation in female athletes with extreme anthropometry remains poorly defined. The aim of this study is to analyze cardiovascular and hematological features of female athletes with extreme anthropometric indices.

Methods: Olympic female athletes underwent medical evaluation including CPET and echocardiography. According to BMI and height athletes were divided into Group A (height > 186.1 cm and BMI < 27.7 kg/m²), Group B (height ≤ 186.1 cm and BMI > 27.7 kg/m²), and Group C (height 164-175 cm and BMI between 20.4 kg/m² and 23.5 kg/m²).

Results: 1137 athletes were enrolled (mean age 25.2 ± 5 years old, mean height 169.9 ± 8.1 cm, and mean BMI 22.1 ± 2.8 kg/m²). Athletes with extreme anthropometry showed same functional parameters (p = 0.071) although different relative VO₂max (VO₂ max = 39.8 ± 6.1 mL/min/kg in group C, 33.5 ± 5.5 mL/min/kg in group B, and 29.2 ± 7.4 mL/min/kg in group A, p < 0.0001), larger LV (LVEDD = 52.7 ± 3.2 mm in A, 50.9 ± 3.2 mm in B, and 49.4 ± 3 mm in control group, p < 0.0001), and, particularly in Group B, thicker IVS and PWT (p < 0.0001). Athletes with higher BMI showed a globally higher CV risk profile.

Conclusion: Athletes with extreme anthropometry exhibit, especially those with a high BMI, worse cardiovascular risk despite the same cardiorespiratory function. Athletes with high BMI exhibit increased LV thickness, while athletes with high height showed increased LV dimensions. Indexing for weight should not be used in extreme anthropometry.

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用极端人体测量法探索优秀女运动员的形态功能和心脏代谢参数。

目的：在极端人体测量的女性运动员中，运动诱导的心脏适应仍然不明确。本研究的目的是分析极端人体测量指数的女运动员的心血管和血液学特征。方法：对奥运会女运动员进行CPET、超声心动图等医学评价。根据BMI和身高分为A组（身高186.1 cm, BMI 2）、B组（身高≤186.1 cm, BMI > 27.7 kg/m2）和C组（身高164-175 cm， BMI在20.4 kg/m2 ~ 23.5 kg/m2之间）。结果：共纳入运动员1137人，平均年龄25.2±5岁，平均身高169.9±8.1 cm，平均BMI 22.1±2.8 kg/m2。极端人体测量运动员的功能参数相同（p = 0.071），但相对最大摄氧量不同(C组为39.8±6.1 mL/min/Kg， B组为33.5±5.5 mL/min/Kg， A组为29.2±7.4 mL/min/Kg， p p p结论：极端人体测量运动员，尤其是高BMI运动员，在心肺功能相同的情况下，心血管危险更大。BMI高的运动员左室厚度增加，身高高的运动员左室尺寸增加。索引体重，不应用于极端人体测量。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Physician and Sportsmedicine PRIMARY HEALTH CARE-ORTHOPEDICS

CiteScore

4.90

自引率

4.30%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： The Physician and Sportsmedicine is a peer-reviewed, clinically oriented publication for primary care physicians. We examine the latest drug discoveries to advance treatment and recovery, and take into account the medical aspects of exercise therapy for a given condition. We cover the latest primary care-focused treatments serving the needs of our active patient population, and assess the limits these treatments govern in stabilization and recovery. The Physician and Sportsmedicine is a peer-to-peer method of communicating the latest research to aid primary care physicians’ advancement in methods of care and treatment. We routinely cover such topics as: managing chronic disease, surgical techniques in preventing and managing injuries, the latest advancements in treatments for helping patients lose weight, and related exercise and nutrition topics that can impact the patient during recovery and modification.