The Relationship Between Dietary Sodium Intake and Cognitive Function: A Narrative Review.

IF 8 3区医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Current Nutrition Reports Pub Date : 2026-03-21 DOI:10.1007/s13668-026-00750-8

Samantha L Gardener, M Fu, L Morini, T Schwartzkopff, G Savage, R N Martins, S R Rainey-Smith

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This narrative review provides discussion on current evidence regarding the relationship between sodium intake and cognitive function in animal and human studies, as well as potential mechanisms underlying this relationship. RECENT FINDINGS: Recent evidence suggests high sodium intake is associated with development of cognitive impairment and neural dysfunction. Additionally, studies have proposed that high sodium intake is associated with increased aggregation of Aβ-amyloid and that hypertension (for which high sodium intake is a risk factor) modulates the relationship between Aβ-amyloid and development of cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease. However, while animal studies demonstrate a consistent relationship between high sodium intake and cognitive impairment, this relationship remains less clear in humans. Overall, mixed results were observed regarding whether sodium intake is associated with cognitive function. To a certain extent, the findings from this review support the notion that high sodium intake could be having a negative impact on middle and older-aged individuals’ cognitive health. Further exploration of the relationship between dietary sodium intake and cognition is needed in well characterised human cohorts, using comprehensive assessment of cognitive function. Furthermore, given self-report sodium intake can give over- or under-reported levels, the addition of 24-hour urinary sodium levels would enhance research findings and its interpretation.

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膳食钠摄入量与认知功能的关系：一个叙述性的回顾。

综述目的：这篇叙述性综述讨论了动物和人类研究中关于钠摄入量与认知功能之间关系的现有证据，以及这种关系的潜在机制。最近发现：最近的证据表明，高钠摄入与认知障碍和神经功能障碍的发展有关。此外，研究表明，高钠摄入与a β-淀粉样蛋白聚集增加有关，高血压（高钠摄入是高血压的一个危险因素）调节了a β-淀粉样蛋白与认知障碍和阿尔茨海默病发展之间的关系。然而，尽管动物研究表明高钠摄入与认知障碍之间存在一致的关系，但这种关系在人类身上仍不太清楚。总的来说，关于钠摄入量是否与认知功能有关，观察到的结果好坏参半。在一定程度上，这篇综述的发现支持了高钠摄入量可能对中老年个体的认知健康产生负面影响的观点。进一步探索膳食钠摄入量与认知之间的关系需要在特征明确的人类队列中，使用认知功能的综合评估。此外，考虑到自我报告的钠摄入量可以多报或少报，24小时尿钠水平的增加将加强研究结果及其解释。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Current Nutrition Reports Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Food Science

CiteScore

7.70

自引率

2.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： This journal aims to provide comprehensive review articles that emphasize significant developments in nutrition research emerging in recent publications. By presenting clear, insightful, balanced contributions by international experts, the journal intends to discuss the influence of nutrition on major health conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and obesity, as well as the impact of nutrition on genetics, metabolic function, and public health. We accomplish this aim by appointing international authorities to serve as Section Editors in key subject areas across the field. Section Editors select topics for which leading experts contribute comprehensive review articles that emphasize new developments and recently published papers of major importance, highlighted by annotated reference lists. We also provide commentaries from well-known figures in the field, and an Editorial Board of more than 25 internationally diverse members reviews the annual table of contents, suggests topics of special importance to their country/region, and ensures that topics and current and include emerging research.