Organizing chromosomes in oocytes and embryos.

Abstract

Faithful chromosome segregation emerges from the mutual cooperation of chromosomes and spindle microtubules. Textbook models of mitosis traditionally emphasize centrosome-driven spindle formation and chromosome capture. However, early mammalian development proceeds under constraints which are incompatible which a centrosome-driven model. Here, we briefly review the non-standard mechanisms of chromosome organization operating during early mouse development. We propose that these mechanisms, despite their differences, reflect a conserved set of organizational principles adapted to distinct developmental contexts.