Evolution of Threespine Stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) Defensive Traits following the Stocking of Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis).

IF 2.7 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

American Naturalist Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-03 DOI:10.1086/739174

Grant E Haines, Sarah Sanderson, Rosalie Morin-Nadeau, Andrew P Hendry

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Abstract

AbstractIn recent decades, numerous observations have been made of evolution induced by anthropogenic change in natural populations. Evolution in response to harvest, climate change, pollution, landscape change, and introduced invasive species are common. Here, we provide evidence for evolution in a new context by documenting a large increase in the frequency of defensive pelvic spines in two unusual threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) populations previously shown to mostly lack such structures. These populations, in Parc national du Lac-Témiscouata, Québec, Canada, were historically free of predatory fish and consisted nearly entirely of pelvic-spineless stickleback. This phenotypic change coincided with the stocking of the lakes with brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), a stickleback predator, and the introductions of other species used by anglers as live bait. The rapid evolutionary change toward a more defensive morph in the populations should prompt increased caution regarding the effects of management practices on native species.

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三刺棘鱼（Gasterosteus aculeatus）在布鲁克鳟鱼（Salvelinus fontinalis）放养后防御性状的进化。

近几十年来，人们对自然种群中由人为变化引起的进化进行了大量观察。对收获、气候变化、污染、景观变化和引入入侵物种的响应的进化是常见的。在这里，我们通过记录两种不同寻常的三棘棘鱼（Gasterosteus aculeatus）种群中防御性骨盆棘的频率大幅增加，为新的背景下的进化提供了证据，这些种群以前被证明大多缺乏这种结构。这些种群位于加拿大quacimbec的lac - tacimmiscouata国家公园，历史上没有掠食性鱼类，几乎完全由无骨盆刺的棘鱼组成。这种表现型的变化与湖中的小溪鳟鱼（Salvelinus fontinalis）（一种刺鱼捕食者）的放养以及钓鱼者用作活诱饵的其他物种的引入相吻合。种群向着更具防御性形态的快速进化应该促使人们更加警惕管理措施对本地物种的影响。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

American Naturalist 环境科学-进化生物学

CiteScore

5.40

自引率

3.40%

发文量

194

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Since its inception in 1867, The American Naturalist has maintained its position as one of the world''s premier peer-reviewed publications in ecology, evolution, and behavior research. Its goals are to publish articles that are of broad interest to the readership, pose new and significant problems, introduce novel subjects, develop conceptual unification, and change the way people think. AmNat emphasizes sophisticated methodologies and innovative theoretical syntheses—all in an effort to advance the knowledge of organic evolution and other broad biological principles.