Free Gingival Grafts With or Without Xenogeneic Collagen Matrix Increase Peri-Implant Keratinised Mucosa in Reconstructed Maxillae: A 1-Year Prospective Cohort Study

IF 6.8 1区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Clinical Periodontology Pub Date : 2026-04-16 Epub Date: 2026-03-15 DOI:10.1111/jcpe.70113

Xiancheng Zeng, Yanjun Ge, Jiayun Dong, Jianfeng Liufu, Xiaofeng Shan, Ruifang Lu

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Aim

To evaluate peri-implant keratinised mucosa augmentation using free gingival grafts (FGG) versus a combined FGG/xenogeneic collagen matrix (XCM) approach in reconstructed maxillae.

Materials and Methods

This prospective, non-randomised cohort study included patients with vascularised bone flap reconstructed maxillae. Keratinised mucosa width (KMW) was measured pre-operatively (baseline), immediately after operation and at 1 year. The primary outcome was buccal KMW gain, which was analysed using adjusted mixed-effects models with random intercepts. Exploratory histological evaluation was performed.

Results

Twenty-five patients (76 implants) were included. Baseline buccal KMW was 0.00 ± 0.00 mm (FGG) and 0.02 ± 0.15 mm (FGG/XCM). At 1 year, it increased to 4.00 ± 1.60 mm (FGG) and 2.51 ± 1.22 mm (FGG/XCM). The adjusted mean difference in buccal KMW gain was 0.84 mm (95% CI: −0.09 to 1.77 mm; p = 0.074); 97% and 93% of implants achieved palatal KMW ≥ 2 mm, respectively (adjusted p = 0.803). Vestibular depth positively predicted buccal KMW gain. Histologically, FGG sites exhibited features of orthokeratinised epithelium, whereas XCM sites resembled parakeratinised epithelium.

Conclusions

KMW increased in both approaches. Although buccal KMW gain tended to be greater with the FGG approach, the non-randomised design and potential residual confounding limit definitive comparisons.

Trial Registration

ChiCTR2000041104

查看原文本刊更多论文

带或不带异种胶原基质的游离牙龈移植物增加重建上颌种植体周围角化粘膜：一项为期1年的前瞻性队列研究。

目的评价游离龈移植物（FGG）与游离龈移植物/异种胶原基质（XCM）联合入路在重建上颌骨种植周角化黏膜的效果。材料与方法本前瞻性、非随机队列研究纳入了血管化骨瓣重建上颌的患者。术前（基线）、术后即刻和术后1年分别测量角化粘膜宽度（KMW）。主要结果是口腔KMW增益，使用随机截距调整的混合效应模型进行分析。进行探索性组织学评价。结果共纳入25例患者（76颗种植体）。颊部KMW基线值为0.00±0.00 mm （FGG）和0.02±0.15 mm （FGG/XCM）。1年时，FGG/XCM分别为4.00±1.60 mm和2.51±1.22 mm。调整后的颊部KMW增益平均差为0.84 mm (95% CI: -0.09 ~ 1.77 mm; p = 0.074)；种植体的腭KMW≥2 mm分别为97%和93%（校正p = 0.803）。前庭深度正预测颊部KMW增益。组织学上，FGG部位表现为正角化上皮特征，而XCM部位表现为角化不全上皮特征。结论两种方法的skmw均升高。虽然FGG方法的颊部KMW增益往往更大，但非随机设计和潜在的残留混淆限制了明确的比较。REGISTRATIONChiCTR2000041104审判。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Clinical Periodontology 医学-牙科与口腔外科

CiteScore

13.30

自引率

10.40%

发文量

175

审稿时长

3-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Journal of Clinical Periodontology was founded by the British, Dutch, French, German, Scandinavian, and Swiss Societies of Periodontology. The aim of the Journal of Clinical Periodontology is to provide the platform for exchange of scientific and clinical progress in the field of Periodontology and allied disciplines, and to do so at the highest possible level. The Journal also aims to facilitate the application of new scientific knowledge to the daily practice of the concerned disciplines and addresses both practicing clinicians and academics. The Journal is the official publication of the European Federation of Periodontology but wishes to retain its international scope. The Journal publishes original contributions of high scientific merit in the fields of periodontology and implant dentistry. Its scope encompasses the physiology and pathology of the periodontium, the tissue integration of dental implants, the biology and the modulation of periodontal and alveolar bone healing and regeneration, diagnosis, epidemiology, prevention and therapy of periodontal disease, the clinical aspects of tooth replacement with dental implants, and the comprehensive rehabilitation of the periodontal patient. Review articles by experts on new developments in basic and applied periodontal science and associated dental disciplines, advances in periodontal or implant techniques and procedures, and case reports which illustrate important new information are also welcome.