Human herpesvirus evasion of humoral immunity and implications for vaccine development

IF 104.6 1区生物学 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY

Nature Reviews Microbiology Pub Date : 2026-03-13 DOI:10.1038/s41579-026-01295-x

Claire E. Otero, Matthew D. Slein, Libby Mitchell, Adarsh Ramloul, Philipp Kolb, Margaret E. Ackerman, Sallie R. Permar

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Abstract

Herpesviruses are highly species-specific, having co-evolved with their respective hosts over millennia. This evolutionary relationship has led to the development of highly specialized immune evasion strategies, enabling these viruses to establish lifelong infections. Periods of immunosuppression can lead to severe disease, such as graft rejection, cancer, neurodegenerative disease and autoimmune diseases, which have been linked to herpesvirus infections. Consequently, developing strategies to prevent herpesvirus-associated diseases is a critical public health priority. However, varicella zoster virus (VZV) remains the only human herpesvirus for which licensed vaccines are available. This Review explores the mechanisms of humoral immune evasion by herpesviruses and their implications for advancing immunization and treatment strategies for chronic neurological, oncological and transplant-associated diseases caused by these common viral pathogens. In this Review, Otero et al. explore how human herpesviruses evade humoral immune responses and consider the resulting implications for developing effective vaccines and treatments for diseases caused by these common viral pathogens.

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人类疱疹病毒逃避体液免疫及其对疫苗开发的影响。

疱疹病毒具有高度的物种特异性，与各自的宿主共同进化了数千年。这种进化关系导致了高度专业化的免疫逃避策略的发展，使这些病毒能够建立终身感染。免疫抑制期会导致严重的疾病，如移植物排斥反应、癌症、神经退行性疾病和自身免疫性疾病，这些都与疱疹病毒感染有关。因此，制定预防疱疹病毒相关疾病的战略是一项重要的公共卫生优先事项。然而，水痘带状疱疹病毒（VZV）仍然是唯一获得许可疫苗的人类疱疹病毒。本综述探讨了疱疹病毒体液免疫逃避的机制及其对推进由这些常见病毒病原体引起的慢性神经、肿瘤和移植相关疾病的免疫和治疗策略的意义。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Nature Reviews Microbiology 生物-微生物学

CiteScore

74.00

自引率

0.50%

发文量

149

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： At Nature Reviews Microbiology, our goal is to become the leading source of reviews and commentaries for the scientific community we cater to. We are dedicated to publishing articles that are not only authoritative but also easily accessible, supplementing them with clear and concise figures, tables, and other visual aids. Our objective is to offer an unparalleled service to authors, referees, and readers, and we continuously strive to maximize the usefulness and impact of each article we publish. With a focus on Reviews, Perspectives, and Comments spanning the entire field of microbiology, our wide scope ensures that the work we feature reaches the widest possible audience.