The Association Between Attachment Style and Symptomatic, Social, and Personal Recovery: A Comparison Between Male and Female Patients Remitted From Their First-Episode Psychosis

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q3 PSYCHIATRY

Early Intervention in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2026-03-13 DOI:10.1111/eip.70152

Justine de With, Kit van der Eng, Iris E. Sommer, Marieke van der Pluijm, Frederike Schirmbeck, Lieuwe de Haan, HAMLETT and OPHELIA Consortium Investigators

{"title":"The Association Between Attachment Style and Symptomatic, Social, and Personal Recovery: A Comparison Between Male and Female Patients Remitted From Their First-Episode Psychosis","authors":"Justine de With, Kit van der Eng, Iris E. Sommer, Marieke van der Pluijm, Frederike Schirmbeck, Lieuwe de Haan, HAMLETT and OPHELIA Consortium Investigators","doi":"10.1111/eip.70152","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Background</h3>\n \n <p>Sex differences in recovery outcomes for psychosis have been observed. In patients with psychosis, rates of insecure attachment are significantly higher in patients of both sexes compared to the general population and have been linked to several aspects of recovery. However, the possible differential effect of attachment style on recovery between men and women with psychosis is currently unknown.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Methods</h3>\n \n <p>This study was performed in a subsample of 299 patients remitted from their first-episode psychosis (FEP) within the Handling Antipsychotic Medication Long-term Evaluation of Targeted Treatment (HAMLETT) study. First, <i>t</i>-tests were used to explore sex differences in baseline attachment style. Second, stepwise regression analyses were used to examine the association between baseline attachment style and symptomatic, social and personal recovery at three and 48 months follow-up, and the possible moderation effect of sex on these associations. Third, stepwise regression analyses were repeated with longitudinal change in symptomatic, social and personal recovery between three and 48 months follow-up as outcome measure.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>Male and female patients did not differ in baseline attachment style. Baseline attachment style was associated with recovery outcome at 3-months follow-up, whilst sex did not moderate this relationship. Baseline attachment style did not predict recovery outcome at 48-months follow-up, nor change in recovery outcome.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusions</h3>\n \n <p>Our findings suggest that attachment style is an important predictor of short-term recovery outcome in patients with FEP, whilst sex differences do not appear to significantly impact this relationship.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":11385,"journal":{"name":"Early Intervention in Psychiatry","volume":"20 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2000,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12985686/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Early Intervention in Psychiatry","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/eip.70152","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"PSYCHIATRY","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Sex differences in recovery outcomes for psychosis have been observed. In patients with psychosis, rates of insecure attachment are significantly higher in patients of both sexes compared to the general population and have been linked to several aspects of recovery. However, the possible differential effect of attachment style on recovery between men and women with psychosis is currently unknown.

Methods

This study was performed in a subsample of 299 patients remitted from their first-episode psychosis (FEP) within the Handling Antipsychotic Medication Long-term Evaluation of Targeted Treatment (HAMLETT) study. First, t-tests were used to explore sex differences in baseline attachment style. Second, stepwise regression analyses were used to examine the association between baseline attachment style and symptomatic, social and personal recovery at three and 48 months follow-up, and the possible moderation effect of sex on these associations. Third, stepwise regression analyses were repeated with longitudinal change in symptomatic, social and personal recovery between three and 48 months follow-up as outcome measure.

Results

Male and female patients did not differ in baseline attachment style. Baseline attachment style was associated with recovery outcome at 3-months follow-up, whilst sex did not moderate this relationship. Baseline attachment style did not predict recovery outcome at 48-months follow-up, nor change in recovery outcome.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that attachment style is an important predictor of short-term recovery outcome in patients with FEP, whilst sex differences do not appear to significantly impact this relationship.

查看原文本刊更多论文

依恋类型与症状、社会和个人康复之间的关系：首发精神病缓解的男性和女性患者的比较

背景：已经观察到精神病患者康复结果的性别差异。在精神病患者中，与一般人群相比，男女患者的不安全依恋率明显更高，并且与康复的几个方面有关。然而，依恋类型对男性和女性精神病患者康复的可能差异影响目前尚不清楚。方法：本研究是在处理抗精神病药物靶向治疗长期评估（HAMLETT）研究中的299例首次发作精神病（FEP）患者的亚样本中进行的。首先，使用t检验来探索基线依恋类型的性别差异。其次，采用逐步回归分析来检验基线依恋类型与3个月和48个月随访时症状、社会和个人康复之间的关系，以及性别对这些关系的可能调节作用。第三，重复逐步回归分析，随访3至48个月期间症状、社会和个人恢复的纵向变化作为结果测量。结果：男性和女性患者在基线依恋类型上没有差异。在3个月的随访中，基线依恋类型与康复结果相关，而性别并没有缓和这种关系。基线依恋类型不能预测48个月随访时的康复结果，也不能预测康复结果的变化。结论：我们的研究结果表明，依恋类型是FEP患者短期康复结果的重要预测因素，而性别差异似乎没有显著影响这一关系。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Early Intervention in Psychiatry 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

4.80

自引率

5.00%

发文量

112

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Early Intervention in Psychiatry publishes original research articles and reviews dealing with the early recognition, diagnosis and treatment across the full range of mental and substance use disorders, as well as the underlying epidemiological, biological, psychological and social mechanisms that influence the onset and early course of these disorders. The journal provides comprehensive coverage of early intervention for the full range of psychiatric disorders and mental health problems, including schizophrenia and other psychoses, mood and anxiety disorders, substance use disorders, eating disorders and personality disorders. Papers in any of the following fields are considered: diagnostic issues, psychopathology, clinical epidemiology, biological mechanisms, treatments and other forms of intervention, clinical trials, health services and economic research and mental health policy. Special features are also published, including hypotheses, controversies and snapshots of innovative service models.