[Access to healthcare for undocumented migrants in Germany-a scoping review].

IF 1.6 4区医学 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-12 DOI:10.1007/s00103-026-04210-0

Carolin Ochs, Maike Grube, Anja Dieterich

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Undocumented migrants in Germany face significant challenges in accessing healthcare. Although they are entitled to limited health services under the Asylum Seekers' Benefits Act, they cannot utilize these services without risking detection and deportation due to reporting obligations of social authorities. This study systematically reviews the existing research on healthcare access in this population in Germany for the first time.

Methods: The literature research was conducted following the PRISMA-ScR standard in the databases Medline, CINAHL, PSYNDEX, SocINDEX, and Juris, with additional information gathered through supplementary email inquiries and manual searches. Studies from the years 2005-2024 were included. The data were analyzed regarding legal, structural, and practical access barriers and treatment gaps as well as recommended measures.

Results: A total of 88 studies were included, most of which are based on quantitative data collection. The studies reveal that access to healthcare for people without valid residence permits is usually limited to emergency care and is characterized by treatment interruptions and a lack of continuity in care. Humanitarian healthcare provision and anonymous healthcare vouchers partially compensate for existing gaps, but do not offer an adequate alternative to regular care.

Discussion: Despite civil society initiatives, undocumented migrants are underserved, and the right to health is not implemented. Future research should be aligned with the research ethics principles of care, harm minimization, and the self-determination of those affected.

查看原文本刊更多论文

[德国无证移民获得医疗保健——范围审查]。

背景：德国的无证移民在获得医疗保健方面面临重大挑战。尽管根据《寻求庇护者福利法》，他们有权享受有限的保健服务，但由于社会当局的报告义务，他们无法在不被发现和驱逐出境的情况下利用这些服务。本研究首次系统地回顾了现有的关于德国这一人群的医疗保健可及性的研究。方法：在Medline、CINAHL、PSYNDEX、SocINDEX和Juris数据库中按照PRISMA-ScR标准进行文献研究，通过补充邮件查询和人工检索等方式收集文献资料。从2005年到2024年的研究被纳入其中。对数据进行了法律、结构和实际的获取障碍和治疗差距以及建议的措施分析。结果：共纳入88项研究，其中大部分是基于定量数据收集。研究表明，没有有效居留许可的人获得医疗保健的机会通常仅限于紧急护理，其特点是治疗中断和护理缺乏连续性。人道主义医疗保健提供和匿名医疗券部分弥补了现有的差距，但不能提供常规护理之外的适当替代方案。讨论：尽管有民间社会的倡议，但无证移民得不到充分的服务，健康权也没有得到落实。未来的研究应符合研究伦理原则，即关怀、危害最小化和受影响者的自我决定。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生

CiteScore

3.30

自引率

5.90%

发文量

145

审稿时长

3-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Die Monatszeitschrift Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz - umfasst alle Fragestellungen und Bereiche, mit denen sich das öffentliche Gesundheitswesen und die staatliche Gesundheitspolitik auseinandersetzen. Ziel ist es, zum einen über wesentliche Entwicklungen in der biologisch-medizinischen Grundlagenforschung auf dem Laufenden zu halten und zum anderen über konkrete Maßnahmen zum Gesundheitsschutz, über Konzepte der Prävention, Risikoabwehr und Gesundheitsförderung zu informieren. Wichtige Themengebiete sind die Epidemiologie übertragbarer und nicht übertragbarer Krankheiten, der umweltbezogene Gesundheitsschutz sowie gesundheitsökonomische, medizinethische und -rechtliche Fragestellungen.