Hygrothermal Deterioration in 3-D Woven Ramie/PLA Composites: Effects of Warp Distribution and Cell Wall Architecture

IF 3.9 4区材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Applied Composite Materials Pub Date : 2026-03-13 DOI:10.1007/s10443-026-10460-7

Lamei Wang, Baozhong Sun, Ming Cai, Bohong Gu

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Plant fiber reinforced composites (PFRCs) face durability challenges in hygrothermal conditions, limiting their engineering applications. Here, the hygrothermal deterioration of three-dimensional (3-D) woven ramie/ polylactic acid (PLA) composites was investigated with finite element analysis, quasi-static mechanical tests, and scanning electron microscope characterization. Results indicate that the zig-zag shaped moisture diffusion paths along warp yarns effectively hinder moisture penetration. In the warp-type composites, moisture rapidly infiltrates via capillary action in fiber lumens and fiber-matrix interfaces, subsequently permeating the PLA matrix and weft yarns through contact. Additionally, the cell wall thickening was about 6 μm in the original composites, increasing to over 7.5 μm with aging, with a thickening degree of at least 25%, which exacerbated the interfacial exfoliation, created additional moisture pathways, and expedited PLA degradation. This work demonstrates that strategic control of fiber orientation, 3-D architecture, and interfacial properties can significantly enhance the hygrothermal durability of the PFRCs and broaden their engineering applicability.

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三维编织苎麻/PLA复合材料的湿热变质：经纱分布和细胞壁结构的影响

植物纤维增强复合材料（PFRCs）在湿热条件下的耐久性面临挑战，限制了其工程应用。本文采用有限元分析、准静态力学测试和扫描电镜表征等方法研究了三维编织苎麻/聚乳酸（PLA）复合材料的湿热劣化过程。结果表明，经纱上的“之”形水分扩散路径有效地阻碍了水分的渗透。在经编型复合材料中，水分通过毛细作用在纤维腔和纤维-基体界面中迅速渗透，随后通过接触渗透到PLA基体和纬纱中。此外，原始复合材料的细胞壁增厚约为6 μm，随着老化增加到7.5 μm以上，增厚程度至少为25%，这加剧了界面脱落，产生了额外的水分通道，加速了PLA的降解。该研究表明，对纤维取向、三维结构和界面特性的策略控制可以显著提高PFRCs的湿热耐久性，拓宽其工程适用性。

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来源期刊

Applied Composite Materials 工程技术-材料科学：复合

CiteScore

4.20

自引率

4.30%

发文量

审稿时长

1.6 months

期刊介绍： Applied Composite Materials is an international journal dedicated to the publication of original full-length papers, review articles and short communications of the highest quality that advance the development and application of engineering composite materials. Its articles identify problems that limit the performance and reliability of the composite material and composite part; and propose solutions that lead to innovation in design and the successful exploitation and commercialization of composite materials across the widest spectrum of engineering uses. The main focus is on the quantitative descriptions of material systems and processing routes. Coverage includes management of time-dependent changes in microscopic and macroscopic structure and its exploitation from the material''s conception through to its eventual obsolescence.