Self-Efficacy and Body Image in Individuals With Colorectal Cancer and Stomas.

Abstract

Purpose: To examine the variables influencing body image perception and stoma self-efficacy levels in individuals with colorectal cancer and a stoma, and to evaluate the relationship between these two factors.

Participants & setting: The study consisted of 121 individuals with colorectal cancer and a stoma who were treated at the outpatient chemotherapy unit at a university hospital in Türkiye between December 2023 and June 2024 and filled out data collection forms.

Methodologic approach: This cross-sectional, correlational study used face-to-face methods to collect demographic and clinical characteristics, as well as data on stoma-related self-efficacy and body image perception, using validated surveys. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.

Findings: Body image scores were lower in patients who were younger, female, and single, and who lacked stoma-related education. Those with concerns about gas, leakage, or odor, as well as those feeling upset about body changes, had significantly poorer body image scores. Self-efficacy was higher in those who had received stoma-related education but lower in women and those with stoma-related anxieties. A correlation was found between body image and self-efficacy.

Implications for nursing: Stoma-related education and psychosocial support may enhance patients' self-efficacy and body image. Nursing interventions should address physical concerns, social stigma, and emotional well-being to improve adaptation and quality of life.