Assessing a method of optimizing digital dental crown design with antagonist tooth-wear facets: A prospective clinical study

IF 5.6 2区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-10 DOI:10.1016/j.prosdent.2026.02.012

Xiaohan Chai MS, Jingwen Yang DDS, PhD, Yong Wang MS, Ting Jiang DDS, PhD

{"title":"Assessing a method of optimizing digital dental crown design with antagonist tooth-wear facets: A prospective clinical study","authors":"Xiaohan Chai MS, Jingwen Yang DDS, PhD, Yong Wang MS, Ting Jiang DDS, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2026.02.012","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Statement of problem</h3><div>Artificial intelligence (AI) has been applied to crown design and can produce acceptable morphology. However, occlusal morphology and contact area distribution generated by AI may differ from natural teeth. Whether they can approach ideal static and dynamic occlusion remains unknown.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The purpose of this prospective clinical study was to assess whether using a technique based on the wear facets of antagonist teeth improved the performance of occlusal morphology and contact area distribution of AI generated crowns.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>In the study, 23 participants were enrolled. Four types of crowns for maxillary first molars were analyzed: natural tooth (NA), technician designed crown (TE), AI generated crown (AT), and the Facets Align technique adjusted AT crown (FA). Occlusal morphology was evaluated by cusp inclination and root mean square (RMS). Occlusal contact area distribution was evaluated by area, F1-score, and occlusal contact separation distance. Finite element analysis (FEA) was used to analyze the stress distribution of the crowns. Statistical analysis was performed using the Friedman 2-way rank nonparametric test and Bonferroni post hoc tests (α=.05).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The cusp inclination of AT was lower than that of NA (<em>P</em><.01) on the distobuccal and distopalatal cusps. The occlusal contact area of AT was smaller than that of NA (<em>P</em><.01). The occlusal contact separation distance of AT was the shortest during protrusive, working side, and nonworking side lateral movements (<em>P</em><.01). FA did not differ significantly from NA and AT in cusp inclination. FA had smaller RMS (<em>P</em><.01) and larger occlusal contact area (<em>P</em><.001) than AT in several regions. FA improved the occlusal contact separation distance of AT during lateral movement on the working side (<em>P</em><.05), while no significant difference was observed during protrusive and nonworking side lateral movement. The mean F1-score was 0.60 for FA, and the difference was significant between FA and AT (<em>P</em><.001). As for finite element analysis (FEA), FA tended to exhibit higher stress and deformation values than AT but remained lower than NA.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The Facets Align technique optimized AI generated crowns in both static and dynamic occlusion when there were wear facets on the antagonist tooth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry","volume":"136 2","pages":"Pages 438-445"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6000,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022391326000983","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2026/3/10 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Statement of problem

Artificial intelligence (AI) has been applied to crown design and can produce acceptable morphology. However, occlusal morphology and contact area distribution generated by AI may differ from natural teeth. Whether they can approach ideal static and dynamic occlusion remains unknown.

Purpose

The purpose of this prospective clinical study was to assess whether using a technique based on the wear facets of antagonist teeth improved the performance of occlusal morphology and contact area distribution of AI generated crowns.

Material and methods

In the study, 23 participants were enrolled. Four types of crowns for maxillary first molars were analyzed: natural tooth (NA), technician designed crown (TE), AI generated crown (AT), and the Facets Align technique adjusted AT crown (FA). Occlusal morphology was evaluated by cusp inclination and root mean square (RMS). Occlusal contact area distribution was evaluated by area, F1-score, and occlusal contact separation distance. Finite element analysis (FEA) was used to analyze the stress distribution of the crowns. Statistical analysis was performed using the Friedman 2-way rank nonparametric test and Bonferroni post hoc tests (α=.05).

Results

The cusp inclination of AT was lower than that of NA (P<.01) on the distobuccal and distopalatal cusps. The occlusal contact area of AT was smaller than that of NA (P<.01). The occlusal contact separation distance of AT was the shortest during protrusive, working side, and nonworking side lateral movements (P<.01). FA did not differ significantly from NA and AT in cusp inclination. FA had smaller RMS (P<.01) and larger occlusal contact area (P<.001) than AT in several regions. FA improved the occlusal contact separation distance of AT during lateral movement on the working side (P<.05), while no significant difference was observed during protrusive and nonworking side lateral movement. The mean F1-score was 0.60 for FA, and the difference was significant between FA and AT (P<.001). As for finite element analysis (FEA), FA tended to exhibit higher stress and deformation values than AT but remained lower than NA.

Conclusions

The Facets Align technique optimized AI generated crowns in both static and dynamic occlusion when there were wear facets on the antagonist tooth.

查看原文本刊更多论文

评估一种具有拮抗牙齿磨损面的优化数字牙冠设计方法：一项前瞻性临床研究。

问题说明：人工智能（AI）已经应用于冠设计，可以产生可接受的形态。然而，人工智能生成的咬合形态和接触面积分布可能与天然牙齿不同。它们能否达到理想的静态和动态遮挡仍然是未知的。目的：本前瞻性临床研究的目的是评估使用基于拮抗牙磨损面的技术是否能改善人工智能牙冠的咬合形态和接触面积分布。材料与方法：本研究共纳入23名受试者。分析了上颌第一磨牙的四种冠：天然牙冠（NA）、技术人员设计冠（TE）、人工智能生成冠（AT）和facet Align技术调整的AT冠（FA）。用牙尖倾斜度和均方根（RMS）评价咬合形态。通过面积、f1评分和咬合接触分离距离评价咬合接触面积分布。采用有限元分析方法对冠的应力分布进行了分析。采用Friedman双向秩非参数检验和Bonferroni事后检验进行统计学分析（α= 0.05）。结论：当拮抗牙存在磨蚀面时，在静态咬合和动态咬合下，应用面对齐技术均可优化人工智能生成的牙冠。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 医学-牙科与口腔外科

CiteScore

7.00

自引率

13.00%

发文量

599

审稿时长

69 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry is the leading professional journal devoted exclusively to prosthetic and restorative dentistry. The Journal is the official publication for 24 leading U.S. international prosthodontic organizations. The monthly publication features timely, original peer-reviewed articles on the newest techniques, dental materials, and research findings. The Journal serves prosthodontists and dentists in advanced practice, and features color photos that illustrate many step-by-step procedures. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry is included in Index Medicus and CINAHL.