External groundwater recharge of Tianchi Lake in Changbai Mountain

IF 4.3 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Water science and engineering Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-22 DOI:10.1016/j.wse.2025.12.003

Wang Wang , Jia-qi Chen , Jian-sheng Chen , Yi-tong Zhang

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Abstract

Water sources in volcanic regions have long been a focal point in hydrogeology. Tianchi Lake of the Changbai Mountain in Northeast China, the world's highest volcanic lake, has historically faced water imbalance issues. This study offered a comprehensive analysis of the water sources of Tianchi Lake, examining water volume, hydrodynamics, hydrochemistry, and isotopic evidence. Flow simulations of the Changbai Mountain waterfall during the glacial period indicated that besides local precipitation stored within the mountain during the non-freezing period, other groundwater sources were involved. Additionally, the volume of spring water and the geological structures in the Tianchi Lake area suggested that even expanding the watershed boundary cannot fully account for water balance within the region. Comparative analysis of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes in groundwater and local precipitation within the Changbai Mountain region revealed that external water recharged Tianchi Lake via deep circulation, sustaining the stable flow of Tianchi Lake and its surrounding springs. This study provides valuable insights into the mechanisms and recharge processes of groundwater circulation in volcanic regions.

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长白山天池地下水外源补给

火山地区的水源一直是水文地质学研究的热点。中国东北长白山的天池是世界上海拔最高的火山湖，历史上一直面临着水资源不平衡的问题。本研究从水量、水动力、水化学、同位素等方面对天池水源进行了综合分析。对长白山冰期瀑布的流量模拟表明，除了非冻结期的局地降水外，还涉及其他地下水来源。此外，天池地区的泉水体积和地质构造表明，即使扩大流域边界也不能完全解释区域内的水平衡。长白山地区地下水氢、氧同位素与局地降水对比分析表明，外部水通过深层循环补给天池，维持了天池及其周边泉水的稳定流动。该研究为火山区地下水循环的机理和补给过程提供了有价值的认识。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Water science and engineering WATER RESOURCES-

CiteScore

6.60

自引率

5.00%

发文量

573

审稿时长

50 weeks

期刊介绍： Water Science and Engineering journal is an international, peer-reviewed research publication covering new concepts, theories, methods, and techniques related to water issues. The journal aims to publish research that helps advance the theoretical and practical understanding of water resources, aquatic environment, aquatic ecology, and water engineering, with emphases placed on the innovation and applicability of science and technology in large-scale hydropower project construction, large river and lake regulation, inter-basin water transfer, hydroelectric energy development, ecological restoration, the development of new materials, and sustainable utilization of water resources.