Neoplasias oculares: análisis clínico, epidemiológico e histopatológico del tratamiento mutilante en un hospital de tercer nivel en México

Q3 Medicine

Archivos De La Sociedad Espanola De Oftalmologia Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-03 DOI:10.1016/j.oftal.2025.502452

C.O. Rojas-Arellanes , E. de la Rosa-Jaime , X. Monteon-Aspeitia , A.P. Campos-Nuñez , V.T. Hernández-Ramírez , I. Flores-Heranandez , H.A. Rodriguez-Ortega , J.M. Guzmán-Díaz , A. González-Ojeda , C. Fuentes-Orozco

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background and objective

Although uncommon, ocular neoplasms represent a significant cause of visual morbidity and, in some cases, mortality. In advanced stages, management may require mutilating procedures such as enucleation or exenteration. Clinical, epidemiological, and histopathological characterization of these cases improves diagnostic suspicion and guides therapeutic decision-making. The objective of this study was to analyze the epidemiological, clinical, and histopathological profile of patients who underwent enucleation

or evisceration due to suspected ocular neoplasia at a tertiary care hospital in Mexico.

Materials and methods

Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, and retrospective study. Patients with suspected ocular neoplasms who underwent enucleation or exenteration were included. Clinical, demographic, and histopathological variables were collected. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed.

Results

A total of 43 patients were included; 31 (72.1%) underwent enucleation and 12 (27.9%) underwent exenteration. The right eye was affected in 58.1% of cases. The mean age was 2 ± 2 years in the pediatric group (n = 21) and 63.4 years in the adult group (n = 22). The most frequent histopathological diagnosis was retinoblastoma (48.8%), followed by melanoma (23.3%) and squamous cell carcinoma (9.3%). Clinical and histopathological diagnostic concordance was observed in 90.7% of cases. The optic nerve was the most commonly infiltrated structure in retinoblastoma, while scleral infiltration predominated in melanoma.

Conclusion

The age distribution and tumor types observed are consistent with those reported in the international literature. The high clinicopathological concordance highlights the importance of clinical judgment in managing these entities. Histopathological analysis is essential for prognostication and the development of early diagnostic strategies.

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眼部肿瘤：墨西哥三级医院致残治疗的临床、流行病学和组织病理学分析

背景与目的眼部肿瘤虽不常见，但却是造成视力疾病的重要原因，在某些情况下甚至会导致死亡。在晚期，管理可能需要肢解程序，如剜出或剜出。这些病例的临床、流行病学和组织病理学特征改善了诊断怀疑并指导治疗决策。本研究的目的是分析墨西哥一家三级医院因疑似眼部肿瘤而行眼球摘除或内脏切除的患者的流行病学、临床和组织病理学特征。材料和方法观察性、描述性、横断面和回顾性研究。怀疑有眼部肿瘤的患者接受了眼球摘除术或剜出术。收集临床、人口统计学和组织病理学变量。进行描述性统计分析。结果共纳入43例患者；去核31例（72.1%），拔除12例（27.9%）。58.1%的病例右眼受累。儿童组（n = 21）的平均年龄为2±2岁，成人组（n = 22）的平均年龄为63.4岁。最常见的组织病理学诊断是视网膜母细胞瘤（48.8%），其次是黑色素瘤（23.3%）和鳞状细胞癌（9.3%）。90.7%的病例临床和病理诊断一致。视神经是视网膜母细胞瘤中最常见的浸润结构，而在黑色素瘤中以巩膜浸润为主。结论观察到的年龄分布和肿瘤类型与国际文献报道一致。高度的临床病理一致性突出了临床判断在管理这些实体中的重要性。组织病理学分析对预后和早期诊断策略的发展至关重要。

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来源期刊

Archivos De La Sociedad Espanola De Oftalmologia Medicine-Ophthalmology

CiteScore

1.20

自引率

0.00%

发文量

109

审稿时长

78 days

期刊介绍： La revista Archivos de la Sociedad Española de Oftalmología, editada mensualmente por la propia Sociedad, tiene como objetivo publicar trabajos de investigación básica y clínica como artículos originales; casos clínicos, innovaciones técnicas y correlaciones clinicopatológicas en forma de comunicaciones cortas; editoriales; revisiones; cartas al editor; comentarios de libros; información de eventos; noticias personales y anuncios comerciales, así como trabajos de temas históricos y motivos inconográficos relacionados con la Oftalmología. El título abreviado es Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol, y debe ser utilizado en bibliografías, notas a pie de página y referencias bibliográficas.