NRAMPs: Versatile Transporters Involved in Metal Ion Homeostasis and Their Applications in Rice Breeding

IF 7.4 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Rice Science Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-30 DOI:10.1016/j.rsci.2025.10.010

Qina HUANG , Lijuan WU , Hongrui JIANG , Yan HE , Song LIU , Changdeng YANG , Yan LIANG

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The NRAMP (natural resistance-associated macrophage protein) family plays a pivotal role in metal ion transport, regulating both essential micronutrient uptake and toxic heavy metal accumulation in plants. In rice (Oryza sativa), OsNRAMP transporters critically influence metal homeostasis, stress adaptation, and grain safety. Among them, OsNRAMP5 serves as a major entry point for cadmium (Cd) and manganese (Mn) uptake, making it a prime target for low-Cd rice breeding. However, knockout of OsNRAMP5 leads to severe Mn deficiency, highlighting the need for precise genetic modifications (e.g., OsNRAMP5-Q337K), which reduce Cd accumulation while maintaining Mn nutrition. Additionally, OsNRAMP1 and OsNRAMP2 contribute to Cd translocation and plant immunity, whereas OsNRAMP3/4/6/7 participate in Mn, iron, and zinc distribution and stress responses. This review systematically summarizes the structural, functional, and regulatory mechanisms of OsNRAMPs, emphasizing their roles in metal transport, pathogen resistance, and abiotic stress adaptation. Furthermore, we discuss strategies for developing low-Cd rice varieties, including QTL-based breeding, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing, and multi-gene stacking approaches. Finally, we outline future research directions, such as structural engineering of metal-binding sites and field validation of engineered rice lines, to ensure sustainable rice production in heavy metal-contaminated soils.

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参与金属离子稳态的多功能转运蛋白NRAMPs及其在水稻育种中的应用

NRAMP（天然抗性相关巨噬细胞蛋白）家族在金属离子运输中起关键作用，调节植物必需微量营养素的吸收和有毒重金属的积累。在水稻（Oryza sativa）中，OsNRAMP转运体对金属稳态、胁迫适应和粮食安全具有重要影响。其中，OsNRAMP5作为镉（Cd）和锰（Mn）吸收的主要入口点，是低镉水稻育种的主要靶点。然而，敲除OsNRAMP5会导致严重的锰缺乏，这表明需要精确的基因修饰（如OsNRAMP5- q337k），以减少镉积累，同时保持锰营养。此外，OsNRAMP1和OsNRAMP2参与镉转运和植物免疫，而OsNRAMP3/4/6/7参与锰、铁和锌的分配和胁迫响应。本文系统综述了OsNRAMPs的结构、功能和调控机制，重点介绍了OsNRAMPs在金属转运、病原体抗性和非生物胁迫适应中的作用。此外，我们还讨论了开发低镉水稻品种的策略，包括基于qtl的育种、CRISPR/ cas9介导的基因编辑和多基因堆叠方法。最后，我们展望了未来的研究方向，如金属结合位点的结构工程和工程水稻品系的田间验证，以确保重金属污染土壤中水稻的可持续生产。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Rice Science Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Agronomy and Crop Science

CiteScore

8.90

自引率

6.20%

发文量

审稿时长

40 weeks

期刊介绍： Rice Science is an international research journal sponsored by China National Rice Research Institute. It publishes original research papers, review articles, as well as short communications on all aspects of rice sciences in English language. Some of the topics that may be included in each issue are: breeding and genetics, biotechnology, germplasm resources, crop management, pest management, physiology, soil and fertilizer management, ecology, cereal chemistry and post-harvest processing.