A novel beam training method for near-field wideband extremely large antenna arrays

IF 1.9 4区计算机科学 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Physical Communication Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-31 DOI:10.1016/j.phycom.2026.103029

Deyang Zhou, Ke Huang, Jingyi Guan, Yang Wang, Jianhe Du

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Extremely large antenna arrays (ELAA) is an important technology for future sixth-generation (6G) wireless networks and enables significantly high data transmission rates. However, existing beam training methods either require high overhead or perform poorly under limited training resources due to the joint estimation of angle and distance in the near-field. To address this problem, we design a novel three-stage beam training method for near-field wideband ELAA systems. Specifically, the base station (BS) first employs wide beams designed based on beam split analysis and sub-array partitioning for initial angle estimation to narrow the angle search space. Refined angle estimation of the user equipment (UE) is then achieved using symmetric narrow beams in the second stage. Finally, distance estimation is performed by leveraging the refined angle estimates to identify the optimal beam in the near-field. Simulation results show that our method achieves a near-optimal achievable rate with low training overhead. In addition, the proposed method exhibits smaller angle estimation errors compared with the existing beam training schemes.

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一种新的近场宽带超大天线阵波束训练方法

超大型天线阵列（ELAA）是未来第六代（6G）无线网络的一项重要技术，可实现显著的高数据传输速率。然而，现有的波束训练方法由于近场角度和距离的联合估计，要么开销大，要么训练资源有限，训练效果不佳。为了解决这一问题，我们设计了一种新的近场宽带ELAA系统的三级波束训练方法。具体而言，基站首先采用基于波束劈裂分析和子阵列划分设计的宽波束进行初始角度估计，以缩小角度搜索空间。然后在第二阶段使用对称窄波束实现用户设备（UE）的精确角度估计。最后，利用改进的角度估计进行距离估计，以识别近场的最佳波束。仿真结果表明，该方法在较低的训练开销下达到了接近最优的可达率。此外，与现有的波束训练方法相比，该方法具有较小的角度估计误差。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Physical Communication ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICTELECO-TELECOMMUNICATIONS

CiteScore

5.00

自引率

9.10%

发文量

212

审稿时长

55 days

期刊介绍： PHYCOM: Physical Communication is an international and archival journal providing complete coverage of all topics of interest to those involved in all aspects of physical layer communications. Theoretical research contributions presenting new techniques, concepts or analyses, applied contributions reporting on experiences and experiments, and tutorials are published. Topics of interest include but are not limited to: Physical layer issues of Wireless Local Area Networks, WiMAX, Wireless Mesh Networks, Sensor and Ad Hoc Networks, PCS Systems; Radio access protocols and algorithms for the physical layer; Spread Spectrum Communications; Channel Modeling; Detection and Estimation; Modulation and Coding; Multiplexing and Carrier Techniques; Broadband Wireless Communications; Wireless Personal Communications; Multi-user Detection; Signal Separation and Interference rejection: Multimedia Communications over Wireless; DSP Applications to Wireless Systems; Experimental and Prototype Results; Multiple Access Techniques; Space-time Processing; Synchronization Techniques; Error Control Techniques; Cryptography; Software Radios; Tracking; Resource Allocation and Inference Management; Multi-rate and Multi-carrier Communications; Cross layer Design and Optimization; Propagation and Channel Characterization; OFDM Systems; MIMO Systems; Ultra-Wideband Communications; Cognitive Radio System Architectures; Platforms and Hardware Implementations for the Support of Cognitive, Radio Systems; Cognitive Radio Resource Management and Dynamic Spectrum Sharing.