Global burden of multiple myeloma among people aged 55 years and older: based on data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

IF 1.7 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-12 DOI:10.1016/j.cegh.2026.102309

Yuyuan Hu , Jieting Fu , Na Tang , Haihua Wang , Haina Yu , Yongping Liu , Ying Song

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Problem considered & need for the study

The global burden of multiple myeloma (MM) is increasing as a result of an aging population. However, a comprehensive, age-stratified analysis focusing on the most vulnerable demographic (adults ≥55 years) is lacking.

Methods & study design

This retrospective cross-sectional analysis utilized data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 study. Incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and risk factor exposure of MM at global, regional and national levels among people aged ≥55 years by age groups, genders and socio-demographic index (SDI) from 1990 to 2021 were collected. Estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) values were calculated to determine the temporal trends.

Results

Over the past three decades, there has been a consistent upward trend in MM morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly affecting males and populations in high-income countries. In 2021, the United States of America had the highest cases of disease burden, with Monaco recording the highest rates. As SDI levels rose, the disease burden appeared relatively heavier. Across age groups of 65 to 79 years, incidence cases were consistently surpassed those in other age groups, notably with the 70-74 age group experiencing a relatively faster increase in 2021. Higher rates of death and DALYs are strongly associated with overweight and obesity.

Conclusion

This study quantifies a substantial and rising global burden of MM among adults ≥55 years, characterized by a 1.71-fold increase in incidence from 1990 to 2021, a pronounced male predominance, and the highest disease rates in high-SDI regions. The burden is growing fastest in the 70-74-year age group and is increasingly attributable to high body mass index (BMI). These findings underscore the urgent need for age-specific clinical strategies, resource allocation towards high-burden regions and demographics, and integrated public health policies targeting obesity to mitigate future risk.

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55岁及以上人群多发性骨髓瘤的全球负担：基于2021年全球疾病负担研究的数据

考虑的问题和研究的需要由于人口老龄化，全球多发性骨髓瘤（MM）的负担正在增加。然而，缺乏针对最脆弱人群（成人≥55岁）的全面、年龄分层分析。方法研究设计本回顾性横断面分析利用了全球疾病负担（GBD） 2021研究的数据。收集1990年至2021年全球、地区和国家各级年龄≥55岁人群中MM的发病率、死亡率、残疾调整生命年（DALYs）和危险因素暴露情况，并按年龄组、性别和社会人口指数（SDI）进行分类。计算估算的年百分比变化（EAPC）值以确定时间趋势。结果在过去的三十年中，全球MM发病率和死亡率呈持续上升趋势，特别是影响高收入国家的男性和人口。2021年，美利坚合众国的疾病负担病例最高，摩纳哥的发病率最高。随着SDI水平的升高，疾病负担相对加重。在65至79岁年龄组中，发病率一直超过其他年龄组，特别是70-74岁年龄组在2021年的增长速度相对较快。较高的死亡率和伤残调整生命年与超重和肥胖密切相关。结论：该研究量化了≥55岁成人MM的全球负担，其特征是1990年至2021年发病率增加1.71倍，明显的男性优势，高sdi地区的发病率最高。体重负担在70-74岁年龄组中增长最快，并且越来越多地归因于高体重指数（BMI）。这些发现强调了迫切需要针对年龄的临床策略，向高负担地区和人口结构分配资源，以及针对肥胖的综合公共卫生政策，以减轻未来的风险。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-

CiteScore

4.60

自引率

7.70%

发文量

218

审稿时长

66 days

期刊介绍： Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health (CEGH) is a multidisciplinary journal and it is published four times (March, June, September, December) a year. The mandate of CEGH is to promote articles on clinical epidemiology with focus on developing countries in the context of global health. We also accept articles from other countries. It publishes original research work across all disciplines of medicine and allied sciences, related to clinical epidemiology and global health. The journal publishes Original articles, Review articles, Evidence Summaries, Letters to the Editor. All articles published in CEGH are peer-reviewed and published online for immediate access and citation.