High-accuracy 3D indoor positioning via OFDM-based VLC using PDoA

IF 1.9 4区计算机科学 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Physical Communication Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-09 DOI:10.1016/j.phycom.2026.103039

Saeed Amini, S. Alireza Nezamalhosseini, Mahdi Nassiri

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This paper presents a novel visible light communication (VLC)-based indoor positioning system that integrates orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) with frequency-dependent subcarrier phase estimation to achieve high-precision distance measurement. The proposed approach exploits the phase difference of arrival technique, where the phase slope across OFDM subcarriers is extracted and the inter-LED phase difference is used for three-dimensional (3D) localization. Unlike conventional schemes relying on received signal strength, time of arrival, or angle of arrival, the proposed system derives spatial information directly from the inherent phase continuity of OFDM subcarriers, thus eliminating calibration and synchronization dependencies. The OFDM framing and subcarrier structure are optimized to improve both spectral efficiency and bit-error-rate performance, ensuring robust phase recovery under realistic VLC conditions. Simulation results in a standard indoor environment demonstrate an average 3D localization error of approximately 1.41 cm, which significantly outperforms existing VLC-based positioning schemes. Owing to its scalability, practicality, and cost efficiency, the proposed method offers strong potential for high-precision indoor localization in smart buildings, industrial automation, and healthcare applications.

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利用PDoA的基于ofdm的VLC进行高精度室内三维定位

提出了一种基于可见光通信（VLC）的室内定位系统，该系统将正交频分复用（OFDM）与频率相关的子载波相位估计相结合，实现了高精度的距离测量。该方法利用到达相位差技术，提取OFDM子载波间的相位斜率，并利用led间的相位差进行三维定位。与传统的依赖于接收信号强度、到达时间或到达角度的方案不同，该系统直接从OFDM子载波固有的相位连续性中获取空间信息，从而消除了校准和同步依赖。优化了OFDM分帧和子载波结构，提高了频谱效率和误码率性能，确保了在实际VLC条件下的鲁棒相位恢复。在标准室内环境下的仿真结果表明，平均三维定位误差约为1.41 cm，明显优于现有的基于vlc的定位方案。由于其可扩展性、实用性和成本效益，该方法在智能建筑、工业自动化和医疗保健应用中具有很强的高精度室内定位潜力。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Physical Communication ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICTELECO-TELECOMMUNICATIONS

CiteScore

5.00

自引率

9.10%

发文量

212

审稿时长

55 days

期刊介绍： PHYCOM: Physical Communication is an international and archival journal providing complete coverage of all topics of interest to those involved in all aspects of physical layer communications. Theoretical research contributions presenting new techniques, concepts or analyses, applied contributions reporting on experiences and experiments, and tutorials are published. Topics of interest include but are not limited to: Physical layer issues of Wireless Local Area Networks, WiMAX, Wireless Mesh Networks, Sensor and Ad Hoc Networks, PCS Systems; Radio access protocols and algorithms for the physical layer; Spread Spectrum Communications; Channel Modeling; Detection and Estimation; Modulation and Coding; Multiplexing and Carrier Techniques; Broadband Wireless Communications; Wireless Personal Communications; Multi-user Detection; Signal Separation and Interference rejection: Multimedia Communications over Wireless; DSP Applications to Wireless Systems; Experimental and Prototype Results; Multiple Access Techniques; Space-time Processing; Synchronization Techniques; Error Control Techniques; Cryptography; Software Radios; Tracking; Resource Allocation and Inference Management; Multi-rate and Multi-carrier Communications; Cross layer Design and Optimization; Propagation and Channel Characterization; OFDM Systems; MIMO Systems; Ultra-Wideband Communications; Cognitive Radio System Architectures; Platforms and Hardware Implementations for the Support of Cognitive, Radio Systems; Cognitive Radio Resource Management and Dynamic Spectrum Sharing.