Phosphorus-containing resveratrol-based flame retardants derived from esterification reactions for flame-retardant epoxy resins

IF 4.9 1区化学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

GIANT Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-09 DOI:10.1016/j.giant.2026.100385

Yong Liu , Shi Hao Zheng , Fang Zhou , Hao Yuan

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

With an increasing focus worldwide on protecting the environment and developing in a sustainable way. Developing halogen-free, environmentally benign flame retardants is of critical relevance. To enhance the fire-safety performance of epoxy resins while simultaneously mitigating their environmental impacts. The bio-derived flame retardant DOPR was prepared in a single-step, one-pot process using resveratrol and DOPO as the key starting materials. The resulting product was subsequently incorporated into an epoxy matrix to obtain EP/DOPR composites. Despite encompassing only 0.35 wt % phosphorus, the EP/5DOPR composite exhibited an increased LOI of 28.19 % and secured the top-tier V-0 grade in the UL-94 flammability evaluation. Compared with neat EP, its pHRR, THR and TSP were lowered by nearly 15.65 %, 33.13 % and 9.62 %, respectively. Furthermore, the residual char yield of the composite was improved from 14.78 % to 17.88 %. The mechanical properties of the composite material were enhanced following the addition of 3wt % and 5wt % flame retardant, indicating a more favourable balance between flame retardancy efficiency and additive loading. The relevant research findings may provide a potential fundamental approach for the application of bio-based flame retardants to enhance the high performance of epoxy resins.

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含磷白藜芦醇系阻燃剂，由阻燃环氧树脂的酯化反应衍生

随着世界范围内对环境保护和可持续发展的日益关注。开发无卤、环保的阻燃剂至关重要。提高环氧树脂的防火性能，同时减轻其对环境的影响。以白藜芦醇和DOPO为主要原料，采用一步一锅法制备了生物源阻燃剂DOPR。所得产物随后加入到环氧基中，得到EP/DOPR复合材料。尽管EP/5DOPR复合材料的含磷量仅为0.35 wt %，但LOI增加了28.19%，并在UL-94可燃性评估中获得了顶级的V-0级。与纯EP相比，其pHRR、THR和TSP分别降低了近15.65%、33.13%和9.62%。此外，复合材料的残炭收率由14.78%提高到17.88%。添加3wt %和5wt %的阻燃剂后，复合材料的力学性能得到了提高，表明阻燃效率和添加剂负荷之间的平衡更为有利。相关研究结果可能为应用生物基阻燃剂提高环氧树脂的高性能提供潜在的基础途径。

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来源期刊

GIANT Multiple-

CiteScore

8.50

自引率

8.60%

发文量

审稿时长

42 days

期刊介绍： Giant is an interdisciplinary title focusing on fundamental and applied macromolecular science spanning all chemistry, physics, biology, and materials aspects of the field in the broadest sense. Key areas covered include macromolecular chemistry, supramolecular assembly, multiscale and multifunctional materials, organic-inorganic hybrid materials, biophysics, biomimetics and surface science. Core topics range from developments in synthesis, characterisation and assembly towards creating uniformly sized precision macromolecules with tailored properties, to the design and assembly of nanostructured materials in multiple dimensions, and further to the study of smart or living designer materials with tuneable multiscale properties.