Effects of bisphenol A and bisphenol S on human fallopian tube contractions: An in vitro and in silico study

IF 2.8 4区医学 Q2 REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY

Reproductive toxicology Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-07 DOI:10.1016/j.reprotox.2026.109211

Richa Singh , Parul Sharma , Sakshi Agarwal , Shristi Modanwal , Sushmitha Paulraj , Sanjeev Kumar Mahto

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Bisphenol A (BPA), a widely used industrial compound, and its structural analogue Bisphenol S (BPS) are known to exert reproductive toxicity. However, their direct impact on human fallopian tube contractility remains unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the effects of BPA and BPS on spontaneous smooth muscle contractions of the human fallopian tube. Fallopian tube samples from the proliferative phase were used for in vitro contractility assays. The effects of BPA and BPS (1–20 µM) on maximum contractile strength (MCS), basal tone (BT), and contraction frequency (CF) were recorded and analyzed using ANOVA. Cytotoxicity of both compounds was assessed in MCF-7 cells using the MTT assay. Molecular docking examined BPA and BPS binding affinities to key receptors. Both BPA and BPS significantly reduced contractile activity in a concentration-dependent manner (p < 0.001), with BPA exhibiting a stronger inhibitory effect than BPS. MTT assays demonstrated a significant dose- and time-dependent decrease in cell viability for both compounds. Molecular docking indicated comparable binding affinities of BPA and BPS toward estrogen, progesterone, oxytocin, prostaglandin, and calcium channel receptors. BPA and BPS impair human fallopian tube contractility and exhibit cytotoxicity. These findings highlight potential reproductive risks associated with exposure to bisphenol compounds and underscore the need for subsequent extensive studies.

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双酚A和双酚S对人输卵管收缩的影响：体外和计算机研究

双酚A （BPA）是一种广泛使用的工业化合物，其结构类似物双酚S （BPS）具有生殖毒性。然而，它们对人类输卵管收缩性的直接影响仍未被探索。本研究旨在探讨BPA和BPS对人输卵管自发平滑肌收缩的影响。增殖期输卵管标本用于体外收缩性测定。记录BPA和BPS（1-20 µM）对最大收缩强度（MCS）、基底张力（BT）和收缩频率（CF）的影响，并采用方差分析（ANOVA）进行分析。两种化合物在MCF-7细胞中使用MTT法评估细胞毒性。分子对接检测了BPA和BPS与关键受体的结合亲和力。BPA和BPS均以浓度依赖性方式显著降低收缩活性（p <； 0.001），其中BPA表现出比BPS更强的抑制作用。MTT试验表明，这两种化合物的细胞活力都有明显的剂量和时间依赖性降低。分子对接表明BPA和BPS对雌激素、孕激素、催产素、前列腺素和钙通道受体的结合亲和力相当。BPA和BPS损害人类输卵管收缩性并表现出细胞毒性。这些发现强调了与暴露于双酚化合物有关的潜在生殖风险，并强调了后续广泛研究的必要性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Reproductive toxicology 生物-毒理学

CiteScore

6.50

自引率

3.00%

发文量

131

审稿时长

45 days

期刊介绍： Drawing from a large number of disciplines, Reproductive Toxicology publishes timely, original research on the influence of chemical and physical agents on reproduction. Written by and for obstetricians, pediatricians, embryologists, teratologists, geneticists, toxicologists, andrologists, and others interested in detecting potential reproductive hazards, the journal is a forum for communication among researchers and practitioners. Articles focus on the application of in vitro, animal and clinical research to the practice of clinical medicine. All aspects of reproduction are within the scope of Reproductive Toxicology, including the formation and maturation of male and female gametes, sexual function, the events surrounding the fusion of gametes and the development of the fertilized ovum, nourishment and transport of the conceptus within the genital tract, implantation, embryogenesis, intrauterine growth, placentation and placental function, parturition, lactation and neonatal survival. Adverse reproductive effects in males will be considered as significant as adverse effects occurring in females. To provide a balanced presentation of approaches, equal emphasis will be given to clinical and animal or in vitro work. Typical end points that will be studied by contributors include infertility, sexual dysfunction, spontaneous abortion, malformations, abnormal histogenesis, stillbirth, intrauterine growth retardation, prematurity, behavioral abnormalities, and perinatal mortality.