The potential application of a ketogenic diet in type 1 diabetes mellitus and multiple sclerosis

IF 3.9 2区农林科学 Q2 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Journal of Functional Foods Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-15 DOI:10.1016/j.jff.2026.107217

Dan Zhang , Xueli Xia , Haisheng Wu , Wenxin Wang , Kai Yin , Shengjun Wang

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Abstract

Ketogenic diets, which are characterized by high fat, moderate protein, and very low carbohydrate intake, have attracted increasing interest because of their potential functional relevance to metabolic and neuroimmune regulation. Available evidence suggests that ketogenic diets may modulate inflammatory and immune-related pathways and alter the composition of the gut microbiota. In individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus, ketogenic dietary approaches have been associated with glycaemic stability, body weight regulation, and potential effects on mood- and cognition-related outcomes. In patients with multiple sclerosis, ketogenic diets may be associated with changes in sleep quality, gut microbial fermentation, muscle-related outcomes, and neuroprotective processes. Evidence from small and observational studies suggests potential associations between ketogenic dietary approaches and quality-of-life– related outcomes in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and multiple sclerosis; however, the current findings remain preliminary and are insufficient to establish efficacy and safety.

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生酮饮食在1型糖尿病和多发性硬化症中的潜在应用

生酮饮食的特点是高脂肪、适度蛋白质和极低碳水化合物的摄入，由于其与代谢和神经免疫调节的潜在功能相关，已引起越来越多的兴趣。现有证据表明，生酮饮食可能调节炎症和免疫相关途径，并改变肠道微生物群的组成。在1型糖尿病患者中，生酮饮食方法与血糖稳定、体重调节以及对情绪和认知相关结果的潜在影响有关。在多发性硬化症患者中，生酮饮食可能与睡眠质量、肠道微生物发酵、肌肉相关结果和神经保护过程的变化有关。来自小型和观察性研究的证据表明，生酮饮食方法与1型糖尿病和多发性硬化症患者的生活质量相关结局之间存在潜在关联；然而，目前的研究结果仍处于初步阶段，不足以确定其有效性和安全性。

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来源期刊

Journal of Functional Foods FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY-

CiteScore

9.60

自引率

1.80%

发文量

428

审稿时长

76 days

期刊介绍： Journal of Functional Foods continues with the same aims and scope, editorial team, submission system and rigorous peer review. We give authors the possibility to publish their top-quality papers in a well-established leading journal in the food and nutrition fields. The Journal will keep its rigorous criteria to screen high impact research addressing relevant scientific topics and performed by sound methodologies. The Journal of Functional Foods aims to bring together the results of fundamental and applied research into healthy foods and biologically active food ingredients. The Journal is centered in the specific area at the boundaries among food technology, nutrition and health welcoming papers having a good interdisciplinary approach. The Journal will cover the fields of plant bioactives; dietary fibre, probiotics; functional lipids; bioactive peptides; vitamins, minerals and botanicals and other dietary supplements. Nutritional and technological aspects related to the development of functional foods and beverages are of core interest to the journal. Experimental works dealing with food digestion, bioavailability of food bioactives and on the mechanisms by which foods and their components are able to modulate physiological parameters connected with disease prevention are of particular interest as well as those dealing with personalized nutrition and nutritional needs in pathological subjects.