Acorane-type sesquiterpenoids: A comprehensive review of their natural sources, structural diversity, and biological activities

IF 1.7 4区生物学 Q4 CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL

Phytochemistry Letters Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-25 DOI:10.1016/j.phytol.2026.104139

Yhiya Amen , Ahmed Othman

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Acorane-type sesquiterpenoids are a unique class of natural products characterized by a distinct spiro[4.5]decane carbon skeleton. This review provides a systematic overview of 159 acoranes isolated from 1961 to early 2025 across diverse natural sources, including terrestrial plants, marine organisms, and endophytic or deep-sea fungi. The structural diversity of this group is highlighted through various oxidation patterns, glycosylation, and rare rearrangements like the oxygen-bridged skeletons found in the proliferatorins. Furthermore, this review summarizes significant pharmacological advancements, ranging from nanomolar inhibition of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type-1 (11β-HSD1) by colletoic acid to potent anti-neuroinflammatory, antiviral, and cytotoxic activities. By consolidating over six decades of research, this work aims to guide future biosynthetic engineering and the therapeutic development of this promising scaffold.

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槐烷型倍半萜：天然来源、结构多样性和生物活性综述

橡果烷型倍半萜是一类独特的天然产物，其特征是具有独特的螺旋[4.5]十烷碳骨架。本文对1961年至2025年初从不同自然来源（包括陆生植物、海洋生物和内生或深海真菌）中分离到的159种acorane进行了系统综述。通过各种氧化模式、糖基化和罕见的重排，如在增殖素中发现的氧桥骨架，突出了这一群体的结构多样性。此外，本综述总结了重要的药理学进展，从11β-羟基类固醇脱氢酶1型（11β-HSD1）的纳米摩尔抑制，到有效的抗神经炎、抗病毒和细胞毒活性。通过巩固60多年的研究，这项工作旨在指导未来的生物合成工程和这种有前途的支架的治疗发展。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Phytochemistry Letters 生物-生化与分子生物学

CiteScore

3.00

自引率

11.80%

发文量

190

审稿时长

34 days

期刊介绍： Phytochemistry Letters invites rapid communications on all aspects of natural product research including: • Structural elucidation of natural products • Analytical evaluation of herbal medicines • Clinical efficacy, safety and pharmacovigilance of herbal medicines • Natural product biosynthesis • Natural product synthesis and chemical modification • Natural product metabolism • Chemical ecology • Biotechnology • Bioassay-guided isolation • Pharmacognosy • Pharmacology of natural products • Metabolomics • Ethnobotany and traditional usage • Genetics of natural products Manuscripts that detail the isolation of just one new compound are not substantial enough to be sent out of review and are out of scope. Furthermore, where pharmacology has been performed on one new compound to increase the amount of novel data, the pharmacology must be substantial and/or related to the medicinal use of the producing organism.