Effect of multilayer SnO2 architectures on charge transport and optical properties in triple-cation perovskite solar cells

IF 4.3 3区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Optical Materials Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-12 DOI:10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117947

Nur Farah Hanun Wira , Kai Jeat Hong , Chi Chin Yap , Kok-Keong Chong , Josephine Ying Chyi Liew , Hock Beng Lee , Jae-Wook Kang , Mohammad Hafizuddin Hj Jumali , Mohd Hafiz Mohd Zaid , Sin Tee Tan

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Triple-cation halide perovskites have emerged as highly promising absorbers for perovskite solar cells (PSCs) owing to their excellent intrinsic optoelectronic properties. Nevertheless, challenges such as device instability and current-voltage hysteresis, often originating from hydroxyl-rich electron transport layers (ETLs) like ZnO and TiO₂, continue to hinder device performance. In this work, SnO₂-based ETLs with different layer architectures were engineered and integrated into planar PSCs (FTO/SnO₂/perovskite/Spiro-OMeTAD/Ag) to mitigate these limitations. Three ETL configurations were investigated: a reference bilayer comprising one amorphous and one crystalline SnO₂ layer (1A1C), a single amorphous layer with a double crystalline stack (1A2C), and a double amorphous layer with a single crystalline layer (2A1C). Comprehensive structural, optical, and photovoltaic analyses revealed that the 1A2C configuration delivered the best performance, achieving a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 15.33% (V_OC = 1.04 V, J_SC = 15.46 mA cm⁻² and FF = 71.50%), compared to 12.16% for the 1A1C reference. The superior efficiency of the 1A2C device is attributed to improved charge transport layer and suppressed carrier recombination at the ETL/perovskite interface, arising from optimized ETL architecture. This study demonstrates a simple yet effective route for enhancing PSC efficiency and stability, offering valuable insights for advancing perovskite device engineering.

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多层SnO2结构对三阳离子钙钛矿太阳能电池电荷输运和光学性质的影响

三阳离子卤化物钙钛矿由于其优异的光电特性而成为钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSCs）极有前途的吸收剂。然而，诸如器件不稳定性和电流-电压滞后等挑战，通常源于ZnO和TiO2等富羟基电子传输层（etl），继续阻碍器件性能。在这项工作中，设计了具有不同层结构的基于SnO2的etl并将其集成到平面psc （FTO/SnO2/钙钛矿/Spiro-OMeTAD/Ag）中，以减轻这些限制。研究了三种ETL结构：由一个非晶和一个晶态SnO2层组成的参考双层（1A1C），带有双晶堆叠的单非晶层（1A2C），以及带有单晶层的双非晶层（2A1C）。全面的结构、光学和光电分析显示,1 a2c配置最好的性能,实现15.33%的功率转换效率(PCE) (VOC = 1.04 V, JSC = 15.46马  厘米−2和FF = 71.50%),12.16%为1糖化血红蛋白参考。优化的ETL结构改善了电荷传输层，抑制了ETL/钙钛矿界面的载流子复合，从而提高了器件的效率。本研究展示了一种简单而有效的提高PSC效率和稳定性的途径，为推进钙钛矿器件工程提供了有价值的见解。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Optical Materials 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

6.60

自引率

12.80%

发文量

1265

审稿时长

38 days

期刊介绍： Optical Materials has an open access mirror journal Optical Materials: X, sharing the same aims and scope, editorial team, submission system and rigorous peer review. The purpose of Optical Materials is to provide a means of communication and technology transfer between researchers who are interested in materials for potential device applications. The journal publishes original papers and review articles on the design, synthesis, characterisation and applications of optical materials. OPTICAL MATERIALS focuses on: • Optical Properties of Material Systems; • The Materials Aspects of Optical Phenomena; • The Materials Aspects of Devices and Applications. Authors can submit separate research elements describing their data to Data in Brief and methods to Methods X.