BiVO4-g-C3N4 nanocomposites as multifunctional materials for photocatalytic dye degradation and nonlinear optical applications

IF 4.3 3区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Optical Materials Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-17 DOI:10.1016/j.optmat.2026.117980

Kannan Nagarajan , Saidurga Rajkumar , Sundara Venkatesh Perumalsamy , Sabari Girisun T. Chidambaram , Jeganathan Kulandaivel , Thangadurai Paramasivam

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Abstract

BiVO₄/g-C₃N₄ nanocomposites (NCs) were synthesised through a simple chemical method, and their photocatalytic and nonlinear optical (NLO) properties were investigated. XRD confirms the phase composition and crystallinity, while the XPS study reveals strong interfacial electronic interactions, indicating the Z-scheme formation. The BG-1:3 (0.25g of BiVO₄ and 0.75g of g-C₃N₄) nanocomposite (NC) exhibited a reduced bandgap of 2.65 eV, leading to improved charge separation and visible light absorption. This composite degrades 94% of Methylene Blue (MB) dye under sunlight illumination within 90 min and has excellent photostability over four consecutive cycles. Scavenger studies identified holes (h⁺) played the predominant role in the degradation process, followed by hydroxyl (

\cdot O H

^-) and superoxide (O₂⁻) radicals. Furthermore, open-aperture Z-scan analysis demonstrated that the BG-1:3 NC exhibited reverse saturable absorption (RSA), primarily governed by sequential two-photon absorption (2PA), with a high 2PA coefficient (β) of 1.24 × 10⁻¹⁰ m/W and a low optical limiting threshold of 1.72 × 10¹² W/m².

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BiVO4-g-C3N4纳米复合材料作为光催化降解染料和非线性光学的多功能材料

采用简单的化学方法合成了BiVO4/g-C3N4纳米复合材料（NCs），并对其光催化和非线性光学（NLO）性能进行了研究。XRD证实了相组成和结晶度，而XPS研究显示强的界面电子相互作用，表明Z-scheme的形成。BG-1:3 （0.25g BiVO4和0.75g g-C3N4）纳米复合材料（NC）的带隙减小到2.65 eV，从而改善了电荷分离和可见光吸收。该复合材料在90 min的光照下降解94%的亚甲基蓝（MB）染料，并且在连续四个循环中具有优异的光稳定性。清道夫研究发现，空穴（h+）在降解过程中起主导作用，其次是羟基（·OH -）和超氧化物（O2−）自由基。此外，开孔z扫描分析表明，BG-1:3 NC具有反向饱和吸收（RSA），主要由顺序双光子吸收（2PA）控制，其2PA系数（β）高为1.24 × 10−10 m/W，光限阈值低为1.72 × 1012 W/m2。

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来源期刊

Optical Materials 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

6.60

自引率

12.80%

发文量

1265

审稿时长

38 days

期刊介绍： Optical Materials has an open access mirror journal Optical Materials: X, sharing the same aims and scope, editorial team, submission system and rigorous peer review. The purpose of Optical Materials is to provide a means of communication and technology transfer between researchers who are interested in materials for potential device applications. The journal publishes original papers and review articles on the design, synthesis, characterisation and applications of optical materials. OPTICAL MATERIALS focuses on: • Optical Properties of Material Systems; • The Materials Aspects of Optical Phenomena; • The Materials Aspects of Devices and Applications. Authors can submit separate research elements describing their data to Data in Brief and methods to Methods X.