Fight, Flight, Fawn, Freeze: Rethinking Substance Use Through a Stress Response Lens.

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q1 SUBSTANCE ABUSE

Current Addiction Reports Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-04 DOI:10.1007/s40429-026-00723-5

Angel B Algarin, Ji-Young Lee, Xiangming Zhan

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Abstract

Purpose of review: This paper proposes a stress-response framework for understanding substance use in the context of adversity, integrating fight (resistance), flight (adaptive coping), freeze (maladaptive coping), and fawn (strategic assimilation/appeasement) responses, with resilience as a moderating factor.

Recent findings: Evidence indicates that adaptive resistance and coping can protect against substance use, while maladaptive resistance, maladaptive coping, and fawning may increase long-term risk despite short-term relief. Resilience, both individual and collective, can buffer adversity's effects and enhance positive stress responses, though measurement and conceptual inconsistencies limit cross-study synthesis.

Summary: Advancing research on adversity and substance use requires the use of validated measures, the simultaneous assessment of multiple stress responses to capture their interactions, and greater theorization of resistance and fawning/strategic assimilation, which remain underdeveloped and understudied in substance use research.

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战斗，逃跑，讨好，冻结：通过压力反应镜头重新思考物质使用。

综述目的：本文提出了一个应激反应框架，以理解逆境背景下的物质使用，整合战斗（抵抗）、逃跑（适应性应对）、冻结（不适应应对）和讨好（战略同化/绥靖）反应，并以弹性为调节因子。最新发现：有证据表明，适应性抵抗和应对可以防止物质使用，而适应性抵抗、适应性应对和奉承可能会增加长期风险，尽管短期缓解。尽管测量和概念上的不一致限制了交叉研究的综合，但个人和集体的弹性都可以缓冲逆境的影响并增强积极的应激反应。摘要：逆境与物质使用的深入研究需要使用有效的措施，同时评估多种应激反应以捕捉它们之间的相互作用，并进一步理论化抵抗和奉承/策略同化，这些在物质使用研究中仍然不发达和研究不足。

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来源期刊

Current Addiction Reports Psychology-Clinical Psychology

CiteScore

6.60

自引率

4.70%

发文量

期刊介绍： This journal focuses on the prevention, assessment and diagnosis, and treatment of addiction. Designed for physicians and other mental health professionals who need to keep up-to-date with the latest research, Current Addiction Reports offers expert reviews on the most recent and important research in addiction. We accomplish this by appointing leaders in the field to serve as Section Editors in key subject areas and disciplines, such asAlcoholTobaccoStimulants, cannabis, and club drugsBehavioral addictionsGender disparities in addictionComorbid psychiatric disorders and addictionSubstance abuse disorders and HIVSection Editors, in turn, select the most pressing topics as well as experts to evaluate the latest research, report on any controversial discoveries or hypotheses of interest, and ultimately bring readers up-to-date on the topic. Articles represent interdisciplinary endeavors with research from fields such as psychiatry, psychology, pharmacology, epidemiology, and neuroscience.Additionally, an international Editorial Board—representing a range of disciplines within addiction medicine—ensures that the journal content includes current, emerging research and suggests articles of special interest to their country or region.