Fortification of human milk for feeding preterm infants: What is the ideal strategy?

IF 2.9 3区医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS

Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-27 DOI:10.1016/j.siny.2026.101710

Fernando Moya

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Promoting optimal growth in preterm infants is of paramount importance. Multiple reports have associated better growth during their Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) stay with improved neurodevelopmental outcome and a lesser risk of certain morbidities. Nowadays, most preterm infants receive human milk (HM) feedings, either mother's own or donor milk. Widespread use of HM to feed preterm infants has contributed to a decrease in complications like necrotizing enterocolitis. This notwithstanding, HM often does not provide sufficient protein and other nutrients to promote adequate growth in these infants and, therefore, must be fortified with specially designed human milk fortifiers of human or bovine origin. These provide added amounts of protein, minerals like sodium, calcium, and phosphorus as well as vitamins and other micronutrients. Which fortification strategy, i.e. type of fortifier, timing of fortification, must be used to promote optimal growth and neurodevelopment is still a matter of debate. The following articles by the well-recognized experts in neonatal nutrition, Drs. Amy Hair and Brenda Poindexter, will describe alternate strategies to fortify HM and their potential benefits, and are a reflection of the scholarly discussions held during the 2025 Neonatal Insights: Best Evidence and Practice in Clinical Neonatology Conference.

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强化母乳喂养早产儿：什么是理想的策略？

促进早产儿的最佳生长是至关重要的。多份报告表明，新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）住院期间，他们的生长状况更好，神经发育结果也有所改善，某些疾病的风险也较低。现在，大多数早产儿接受母乳喂养，无论是母亲自己的母乳还是捐赠的母乳。广泛使用HM喂养早产儿有助于减少坏死性小肠结肠炎等并发症。尽管如此，HM经常不能提供足够的蛋白质和其他营养物质来促进这些婴儿的适当生长，因此，必须用特别设计的人乳或牛乳强化剂来强化。这些食物提供了额外的蛋白质、钠、钙、磷等矿物质以及维生素和其他微量营养素。哪种强化策略，即强化类型，强化时间，必须用于促进最佳生长和神经发育仍然是一个有争议的问题。下面的文章是由公认的新生儿营养专家，dr。Amy Hair和Brenda Poindexter将描述强化HM及其潜在益处的替代策略，并反映2025年新生儿洞察：临床新生儿学会议的最佳证据和实践期间举行的学术讨论。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine 医学-小儿科

CiteScore

6.40

自引率

3.30%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine (formerly Seminars in Neonatology) is a bi-monthly journal which publishes topic-based issues, including current ''Hot Topics'' on the latest advances in fetal and neonatal medicine. The Journal is of interest to obstetricians and maternal-fetal medicine specialists. The Journal commissions review-based content covering current clinical opinion on the care and treatment of the pregnant patient and the neonate and draws on the necessary specialist knowledge, including that of the pediatric pulmonologist, the pediatric infectious disease specialist, the surgeon, as well as the general pediatrician and obstetrician. Each topic-based issue is edited by an authority in their field and contains 8-10 articles. Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine provides: • Coverage of major developments in neonatal care; • Value to practising neonatologists, consultant and trainee pediatricians, obstetricians, midwives and fetal medicine specialists wishing to extend their knowledge in this field; • Up-to-date information in an attractive and relevant format.