Hemolytic and Co-Hemolytic Activity of Trichophyton indotineae and Related Dermatophytes Isolated from Chronic and Recalcitrant Infections.

IF 4.1 3区生物学 Q2 MYCOLOGY

Mycopathologia Pub Date : 2026-03-09 DOI:10.1007/s11046-026-01062-9

Oğuzhan Bingöl, Deniz Alkaya, Aylin Döğen, Murat Durdu, Macit Ilkit

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Abstract

Dermatophyte infections have evolved in both clinical presentation and etiological profiles, with chronic, recurrent, and widespread forms becoming increasingly prevalent and therapeutically challenging over the past decade. These infections are predominantly caused by Trichophyton indotineae (ITS genotype VIII), a member of the Trichophyton mentagrophytes complex. The virulence mechanisms of T. indotineae remain poorly understood. To elucidate potential pathogenic factors, we investigated hemolytic and co-hemolytic (CAMP-like) activities in dermatophytes associated with recalcitrant dermatophytosis. A total of 127 isolates (117 T. indotineae, 5 T. rubrum, 3 T. tonsurans, and 2 Microsporum canis) were examined using Columbia agar supplemented with 5% ovine (COA) or equine erythrocytes (CEA). Hemolysis was more consistently observed on COA (119 isolates) than on CEA (44 isolates) following 7-day incubation at 27 °C. Additional incubation at 36 °C up to 7 days was required to enhance hemolysis detection on CEA. Overall, 93.7% of isolates exhibited hemolytic activity, whereas only 3.1% demonstrated co-hemolytic activity. Among T. indotineae isolates, 97.4% were hemolytic. These findings underscore the importance of characterizing virulence traits in dermatophytes. Additional studies are needed to clarify the role of hemolysis in chronic and recalcitrant infections, with the goal of identifying novel therapeutic targets.

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从慢性和顽固性感染中分离的印多毛癣菌和相关皮肤菌的溶血和共溶血活性。

在过去的十年里，皮肤真菌感染在临床表现和病因学方面都发生了变化，慢性、复发性和广泛的形式变得越来越普遍，治疗上也越来越具有挑战性。这些感染主要是由indodoine毛癣菌（ITS基因型VIII）引起的，它是毛癣菌群的一员。indottineae的毒力机制仍然知之甚少。为了阐明潜在的致病因素，我们研究了与顽固性皮肤病相关的皮肤真菌的溶血和共溶血（camp样）活性。采用哥伦比亚琼脂分别添加5%的羊红细胞（COA）和马红细胞（CEA），对127个分离株（117株indodoineae， 5株rubrum， 3株tonsurans， 2株canmicrosporum）进行检测。在27°C孵育7天后，COA（119株）比CEA（44株）更一致地观察到溶血现象。需要在36°C下额外孵育7天，以增强CEA的溶血检测。总体而言，93.7%的分离株表现出溶血活性，而只有3.1%的分离株表现出共溶血活性。indottineae分离株中溶血菌占97.4%。这些发现强调了表征皮肤真菌毒力特征的重要性。需要进一步的研究来阐明溶血在慢性和顽固性感染中的作用，以确定新的治疗靶点。

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来源期刊

Mycopathologia 生物-真菌学

CiteScore

6.80

自引率

3.60%

发文量

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Mycopathologia is an official journal of the International Union of Microbiological Societies (IUMS). Mycopathologia was founded in 1938 with the mission to ‘diffuse the understanding of fungal diseases in man and animals among mycologists’. Many of the milestones discoveries in the field of medical mycology have been communicated through the pages of this journal. Mycopathologia covers a diverse, interdisciplinary range of topics that is unique in breadth and depth. The journal publishes peer-reviewed, original articles highlighting important developments concerning medically important fungi and fungal diseases. The journal highlights important developments in fungal systematics and taxonomy, laboratory diagnosis of fungal infections, antifungal drugs, clinical presentation and treatment, and epidemiology of fungal diseases globally. Timely opinion articles, mini-reviews, and other communications are usually invited at the discretion of the editorial board. Unique case reports highlighting unprecedented progress in the diagnosis and treatment of fungal infections, are published in every issue of the journal. MycopathologiaIMAGE is another regular feature for a brief clinical report of potential interest to a mixed audience of physicians and laboratory scientists. MycopathologiaGENOME is designed for the rapid publication of new genomes of human and animal pathogenic fungi using a checklist-based, standardized format.