Simplified physiological equivalent temperature (PET) estimation formula for the climate of Taiwan

IF 6.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Urban Climate Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-04 DOI:10.1016/j.uclim.2026.102841

Yi-Chen Wu , Andreas Matzarakis , Tzu-Ping Lin

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

At present, outdoor thermal comfort assessment based on the Physiologically Equivalent Temperature (PET) index largely relies on the RayMan Pro software. However, the operation of RayMan Pro requires comprehensive meteorological inputs, multiple parameter settings, and a certain level of professional expertise. These requirements pose challenges for non-expert users and consequently limit the broader dissemination and practical application of the PET concept.

To address these limitations, this study aims to develop simplified PET regression estimation formulas based on simulation results generated by RayMan Pro. Four key meteorological variables, namely solar radiation, air temperature, wind speed, and relative humidity, were parameterized to construct more than 640,000 simulated data combinations. Based on this dataset, regression models were developed and subsequently validated using observed meteorological data.

According to the regression analysis results, two simplified PET estimation formulas were proposed: Formula 1, which excludes relative humidity, and Formula 2, which includes relative humidity. The validation results indicate that Formula 1 achieves sufficient estimation accuracy under hot climatic conditions and can be effectively applied for PET estimation.

The simplified formulas proposed in this study can be applied to the generation of urban-scale PET spatial distribution maps, serving as practical tools for urban thermal environment planning and climate risk management. The findings provide an efficient approach for rapidly assessing heat stress risk under hot climatic conditions in Taiwan.

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台湾气候之简化生理等效温度（PET）估算公式

目前，基于生理等效温度（physiological Equivalent Temperature， PET）指标的室外热舒适评估在很大程度上依赖于RayMan Pro软件。然而，RayMan Pro的运行需要全面的气象输入，多个参数设置，以及一定的专业知识水平。这些要求对非专业用户构成了挑战，从而限制了PET概念的广泛传播和实际应用。针对这些局限性，本研究旨在基于RayMan Pro生成的仿真结果，开发简化的PET回归估计公式。对太阳辐射、气温、风速和相对湿度4个关键气象变量进行参数化，构建了64万多个模拟数据组合。在此数据集的基础上，开发了回归模型，并随后使用观测到的气象数据进行了验证。根据回归分析结果，提出了两种简化的PET估计公式：不考虑相对湿度的公式1和考虑相对湿度的公式2。验证结果表明，公式1在高温气候条件下具有足够的估计精度，可有效应用于PET估计。本文提出的简化公式可用于城市尺度PET空间分布图的生成，为城市热环境规划和气候风险管理提供实用工具。本研究结果为快速评估台湾炎热气候条件下的热应激风险提供了有效的方法。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Urban Climate Social Sciences-Urban Studies

CiteScore

9.70

自引率

9.40%

发文量

286

期刊介绍： Urban Climate serves the scientific and decision making communities with the publication of research on theory, science and applications relevant to understanding urban climatic conditions and change in relation to their geography and to demographic, socioeconomic, institutional, technological and environmental dynamics and global change. Targeted towards both disciplinary and interdisciplinary audiences, this journal publishes original research papers, comprehensive review articles, book reviews, and short communications on topics including, but not limited to, the following: Urban meteorology and climate[...] Urban environmental pollution[...] Adaptation to global change[...] Urban economic and social issues[...] Research Approaches[...]