Effects of rubber plantations on the school education of children: evidence from rubber farmers in China

IF 1.4 4区化学 Q4 POLYMER SCIENCE

Journal of Rubber Research Pub Date : 2026-02-18 DOI:10.1007/s42464-026-00336-7

Ruijin Liu, Xinying Sun, Lin Yang, Wei Wu, Changhui He, Ziqing Lin, Danyan Shen

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Abstract

Utilizing ordered logit and moderating effect models, this study examines the impacts and underlying processes and mechanisms through which rubber plantations influence school education. The analysis is grounded in survey data collected from rubber farmers in Hainan Province and Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province. The findings reveal that an expansion of rubber plantations consistently fosters an increase in educational expenditure. However, the influence on school duration exhibits temporal variability; during market booms, the increase in rubber plantations does not increase educational attainment. Conversely, when the market enters a downturn, the effect of rubber acreage on the highest level of education attained becomes notably positive along with the wider implementation of the tuition-free programme for 9-year compulsory education in China, which is corroborated by evidence from younger individuals and explained by changes in the relationship between career expectation and rubber plantations as economic biological assets. Specifically, farmers with a strong inclination to expand their rubber plantations exhibit a weaker association between area expansion and years of schooling than do those with lesser intentions.

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橡胶种植园对儿童学校教育的影响：来自中国橡胶农民的证据

本研究利用有序logit模型和调节效应模型，探讨橡胶园对学校教育的影响及其潜在过程和机制。该分析基于对海南省和云南省西双版纳胶农的调查数据。研究结果表明，橡胶种植园的扩张持续促进教育支出的增加。然而，对在校时间的影响表现出时间变化；在市场繁荣时期，橡胶种植园的增加并没有提高受教育程度。相反，当市场进入衰退时，随着中国9年义务教育免学费计划的广泛实施，橡胶种植面积对最高教育水平的影响变得明显积极，这得到了年轻人的证据的证实，并解释了职业期望与橡胶种植园作为经济生物资产之间关系的变化。具体来说，与那些意愿较弱的农民相比，有强烈意愿扩大橡胶种植园的农民在面积扩大和受教育年限之间表现出较弱的联系。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Rubber Research 化学-高分子科学

自引率

15.40%

发文量

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Rubber Research is devoted to both natural and synthetic rubbers, as well as to related disciplines. The scope of the journal encompasses all aspects of rubber from the core disciplines of biology, physics and chemistry, as well as economics. As a specialised field, rubber science includes within its niche a vast potential of innovative and value-added research areas yet to be explored. This peer reviewed publication focuses on the results of active experimental research and authoritative reviews on all aspects of rubber science. The Journal of Rubber Research welcomes research on: the upstream, including crop management, crop improvement and protection, and biotechnology; the midstream, including processing and effluent management; the downstream, including rubber engineering and product design, advanced rubber technology, latex science and technology, and chemistry and materials exploratory; economics, including the economics of rubber production, consumption, and market analysis. The Journal of Rubber Research serves to build a collective knowledge base while communicating information and validating the quality of research within the discipline, and bringing together work from experts in rubber science and related disciplines. Scientists in both academia and industry involved in researching and working with all aspects of rubber will find this journal to be both source of information and a gateway for their own publications.