Meaningful and psychologically rewarding nature-assisted occupations - A feasibility study for improving alternatives in vocational rehabilitation in Iceland.

Abstract

Background: Nature-assisted activities (NAA) have been linked to improved mental health and well-being, and are often perceived as psychologically rewarding. However, little is known about how these activities are experienced within vocational rehabilitation programs in the Icelandic context.

Objective: This study aimed to explore participants' experiences of nature-assisted occupations in vocational rehabilitation, focusing on their perceived meaningfulness and psychological benefits, to inform the development of nature-based interventions within existing programs.

Methods: A mixed-method convergent longitudinal design was used at a vocational rehabilitation centre in Iceland with 11 participants. Participants engaged in weekly, voluntary two-hour NAA sessions over a period of 4-11 months. Activities included outdoor play, foraging, adventure-based tasks, as well as outdoor and indoor gardening. Data were collected using the Meaningful and Psychologically Rewarding Occupation Rating Scale and a focus group interview.

Results: Quantitative findings: Outdoor and adventure-based activities were rated as the most meaningful and psychologically rewarding. Qualitative findings: Participants described increased enjoyment, personal growth, a sense of freedom, and reduced performance pressure as central to their positive experiences. Structured and indoor tasks were generally seen as less beneficial.