Real-world Data on Adult Status Epilepticus from Latin America: Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes in a Mexican Tertiary Center

IF 1.9 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY

Epilepsy and Behavior Reports Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-03 DOI:10.1016/j.ebr.2026.100854

Irene Gómez-Oropeza , María F. Castelo-Pablos , Iracema Santizo-Nanduca , Irving Fuentes-Calvo , Daniela Deustúa-Hernández , Oscar Esquivel-Zapata , Salvador Martínez-Medina , Mariana Peschard-Franco , Pilar Robles-Lomelin , Iris E. Martínez-Juárez , Ashuin Kammar- García , Claudia Cervera-Martínez , Valeria I. Bravo-Osorno , Gabriel Manrique-Gutierrez , Erika Palacios Rosas , Juan C López-Hernández , Raúl Anwar García Santos , Raúl Medina-Rioja , Sonia I Mejia-Peréz , Elma Paredes-Aragón

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Abstract

Background

Status epilepticus is a life-threatening emergency in neurology practice. Latin America faces a disproportionate epilepsy burden; little data is available on this population type.

Objective

To describe the clinical characteristics, treatment approaches, and functional outcomes of adult patients with SE in a tertiary neurological center in Mexico City.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective cohort study involving 103 adult patients diagnosed with SE from 2020 to 2024. Functional outcomes were measured using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS), with scores 0–2 classified as favorable. Severity was assessed with the STESS. Chi-square, Mann–Whitney U tests, and logistic regression were used to identify variables related to outcomes.

Results

The median patient age was 36 (IQR 18–79), with 50.5% of patients being female. Most had a prior diagnosis of epilepsy (80.6%). Convulsive SE (74.8%) and acute symptomatic etiologies (70.9%) were predominant. Infections were the leading cause among acute symptomatic cases (35%). Refractory SE occurred in 41.7% of cases, and 14.6% progressed to super-refractory SE. Favorable outcomes were significantly associated with prior epilepsy (p = 0.032), and SE subtype (p = 0.003). Multivariate analysis confirmed prior epilepsy as an independent predictor of good outcome (OR = 0.65, 95% CI 0.48–0.87; p = 0.004).

Conclusions

This study offers the most extensive characterization of SE in a Mexican center. Infectious etiologies dominate the clinical landscape, with functional outcome linked to baseline epilepsy history and SE subtype.

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拉丁美洲成人癫痫持续状态的真实世界数据：墨西哥三级中心的临床特征和结果。

背景：癫痫持续状态是神经病学实践中危及生命的急症。拉丁美洲面临着不成比例的癫痫负担；关于这类人群的数据很少。目的：描述墨西哥城某三级神经中心成年SE患者的临床特征、治疗方法和功能结局。方法：我们对2020年至2024年诊断为SE的103例成人患者进行了回顾性队列研究。功能结果采用改良Rankin量表（mRS）进行测量，0-2分为良好。用ess评估严重程度。使用卡方检验、Mann-Whitney U检验和逻辑回归来确定与结果相关的变量。结果：患者年龄中位数为36岁（IQR 18-79），女性占50.5%。大多数患者既往诊断为癫痫（80.6%）。惊厥性SE占74.8%，急性症状性病因占70.9%。感染是急性症状病例的主要原因（35%）。41.7%的病例发生难治性SE， 14.6%进展为超难治性SE。良好预后与既往癫痫（p = 0.032）和SE亚型（p = 0.003）显著相关。多因素分析证实既往癫痫是预后良好的独立预测因子（OR = 0.65, 95% CI 0.48-0.87; p = 0.004）。结论：本研究提供了墨西哥中心最广泛的SE特征。感染性病因在临床中占主导地位，其功能结果与基线癫痫病史和SE亚型有关。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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