Black women facing food insecurity are more vulnerable to the double burden of malnutrition in Brazil: evidence from Brazilian National Dietary Survey

IF 4.5 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Security Pub Date : 2025-10-30 DOI:10.1007/s12571-025-01607-8

Sávio Marcelino Gomes, Aline Martins de Carvalho, Alisson Diego Machado, Eduardo De Carli, Mariana Alves Ferreira, Michelle Cristine Medeiros Jacob, Dirce Maria Lobo Marchioni

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Malnutrition, in all its forms, is one of the leading global challenges. The intersection of gender and race-based oppression can negatively influence the burden of malnutrition. Likewise, nutritional outcomes can affect each other, as seen in the relationship between food insecurity and underweight or obesity. In this study, our aim was to understand how the impact of food insecurity on underweight, overweight, and obesity varies across gender and race categories. To achieve this, we used data from a nationally representative Brazilian nutritional survey and conducted a multinomial logistic regression model to estimate Odds Ratios and 95% Confidence Intervals. White women in food insecurity showed higher odds of developing obesity (1.40, CI95 1.10–1.77), while Black women simultaneously presented higher odds of presenting both underweight (1.41, CI95 1.00-1.98) and obesity (1.42, CI95 1.16–1.73), relatively White man in food security. We demonstrated that the effect of food insecurity on malnutrition, at a population level, can vary according to individuals’ gender and race. Thus, we conclude that promoting food and nutrition security could reduce gender and race disparities in nutritional outcomes.

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在巴西，面临粮食不安全的黑人妇女更容易受到营养不良的双重负担：来自巴西全国膳食调查的证据

各种形式的营养不良是全球面临的主要挑战之一。性别压迫和基于种族的压迫交织在一起，可能对营养不良的负担产生负面影响。同样，从粮食不安全与体重不足或肥胖之间的关系可以看出，营养结果也会相互影响。在这项研究中，我们的目的是了解粮食不安全对体重不足、超重和肥胖的影响如何在性别和种族类别中有所不同。为了实现这一目标，我们使用了一项具有全国代表性的巴西营养调查的数据，并进行了多项逻辑回归模型来估计优势比和95%置信区间。在粮食不安全状况下，白人女性出现肥胖的几率较高（1.40,CI95 1.10-1.77），而黑人女性同时出现体重不足（1.41,CI95 1.00-1.98）和肥胖（1.42,CI95 1.16-1.73）的几率高于白人男性。我们证明，在人口层面上，粮食不安全对营养不良的影响可能因个人的性别和种族而异。因此，我们得出结论，促进粮食和营养安全可以减少营养结果的性别和种族差异。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Food Security FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY-

CiteScore

14.00

自引率

6.00%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Food Security is a wide audience, interdisciplinary, international journal dedicated to the procurement, access (economic and physical), and quality of food, in all its dimensions. Scales range from the individual to communities, and to the world food system. We strive to publish high-quality scientific articles, where quality includes, but is not limited to, the quality and clarity of text, and the validity of methods and approaches. Food Security is the initiative of a distinguished international group of scientists from different disciplines who hold a deep concern for the challenge of global food security, together with a vision of the power of shared knowledge as a means of meeting that challenge. To address the challenge of global food security, the journal seeks to address the constraints - physical, biological and socio-economic - which not only limit food production but also the ability of people to access a healthy diet. From this perspective, the journal covers the following areas: Global food needs: the mismatch between population and the ability to provide adequate nutrition Global food potential and global food production Natural constraints to satisfying global food needs: § Climate, climate variability, and climate change § Desertification and flooding § Natural disasters § Soils, soil quality and threats to soils, edaphic and other abiotic constraints to production § Biotic constraints to production, pathogens, pests, and weeds in their effects on sustainable production The sociological contexts of food production, access, quality, and consumption. Nutrition, food quality and food safety. Socio-political factors that impinge on the ability to satisfy global food needs: § Land, agricultural and food policy § International relations and trade § Access to food § Financial policy § Wars and ethnic unrest Research policies and priorities to ensure food security in its various dimensions.