{"title":"A comprehensive review on botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and resource protection of genus Arnebia Forssk","authors":"Saqirula Bao, Yaqiong Bi, Feibiao Shan, Ronggui Eni, Xuejing Zhong, Zengxia Liu, Chunhong Zhang, Minhui Li","doi":"10.1007/s11101-025-10182-x","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The genus <i>Arnebia</i>, a member of the Boraginaceae family, encompasses annual and perennial herbs predominantly found in Northern Africa, Europe, and Central Asia. These plants have a long history of medicinal use in traditional practices globally. Their chemical composition is primarily characterized by naphthoquinones, accompanied by a variety of other compounds, such as quinones, flavonoids, phenols, polysaccharides, esters, terpenes, and organic acids. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that <i>Arnebiae</i> Radix and its constituents exhibit a range of biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, antibacterial, liver protection, and immunomodulatory effects, underscoring their potential for medicinal applications. Given that <i>Arnebia</i> species typically grow in specific ecological environments and face threats like over-harvesting, their conservation and sustainable utilization are of great significance. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and resource protection of <i>Arnebia</i> plants, with an emphasis on the research progress in the past five years. Understanding these aspects is crucial for the development and utilization of <i>Arnebia</i> resources. Furthermore, this study employs bibliometric analysis to examine the early investigations and current research trends related to <i>Arnebia.</i> Based on this analysis, the study outlines the prospects for the genus, highlighting its therapeutic potential.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":733,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemistry Reviews","volume":"25 2","pages":"1813 - 1856"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11101-025-10182-x.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Phytochemistry Reviews","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11101-025-10182-x","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PLANT SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract
The genus Arnebia, a member of the Boraginaceae family, encompasses annual and perennial herbs predominantly found in Northern Africa, Europe, and Central Asia. These plants have a long history of medicinal use in traditional practices globally. Their chemical composition is primarily characterized by naphthoquinones, accompanied by a variety of other compounds, such as quinones, flavonoids, phenols, polysaccharides, esters, terpenes, and organic acids. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that Arnebiae Radix and its constituents exhibit a range of biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, antibacterial, liver protection, and immunomodulatory effects, underscoring their potential for medicinal applications. Given that Arnebia species typically grow in specific ecological environments and face threats like over-harvesting, their conservation and sustainable utilization are of great significance. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and resource protection of Arnebia plants, with an emphasis on the research progress in the past five years. Understanding these aspects is crucial for the development and utilization of Arnebia resources. Furthermore, this study employs bibliometric analysis to examine the early investigations and current research trends related to Arnebia. Based on this analysis, the study outlines the prospects for the genus, highlighting its therapeutic potential.
期刊介绍：
Phytochemistry Reviews is the sole review journal encompassing all facets of phytochemistry. It publishes peer-reviewed papers in six issues annually, including topical issues often stemming from meetings organized by the Phytochemical Society of Europe. Additionally, the journal welcomes original review papers that contribute to advancing knowledge in various aspects of plant chemistry, function, biosynthesis, effects on plant and animal physiology, pathology, and their application in agriculture and industry. Invited meeting papers are supplemented with additional review papers, providing a comprehensive overview of the current status across all areas of phytochemistry.
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