Polyaniline Gel Nanocomposites: Effect of Nanofillers

Abstract

The incorporation of fillers into polymer matrices is a well-established strategy to enhance mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties. However, filler–matrix compatibility remains a critical factor governing overall performance, often limiting the applicability of promising filler materials. While numerous studies have investigated individual filler systems, a systematic comparative analysis of multiple fillers within an identical polymer matrix remains notably absent. In this work, a comprehensive study is presented on the incorporation of three distinct fillers-clay, multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) into identical polyaniline-dinonylnaphthalene disulfonic acid (PANI–DNNDSA) gel matrices synthesized under controlled conditions to ensure uniform molecular weight and processing parameters. Each composite was evaluated for its structural, electrical, and mechanical properties to elucidate filler-specific influences and compatibility with the host matrix. The findings contribute valuable insights for both academic research and industrial applications, facilitating informed filler selection for advanced polymer design.