Stepwise Oxygen-Enriched Sintering of Vanadium-Titanium Magnetite: Linking Oxygen Potential Distribution, Mineral Phases Evolution, and Metallurgical Properties

IF 2.3 4区材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

JOM Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI:10.1007/s11837-025-08070-y

Hao Liu, Xinyue Liu, Wen Hu, Zipeng Dou, Lu Yang, Liming Ma

{"title":"Stepwise Oxygen-Enriched Sintering of Vanadium-Titanium Magnetite: Linking Oxygen Potential Distribution, Mineral Phases Evolution, and Metallurgical Properties","authors":"Hao Liu, Xinyue Liu, Wen Hu, Zipeng Dou, Lu Yang, Liming Ma","doi":"10.1007/s11837-025-08070-y","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>Vanadium–titanium magnetite (VTM) typically exhibits poor bed consolidation and unfavorable mineral-phase development during sintering. Oxygen-enriched sintering improves thermal conditions, accelerates oxidation kinetics, and optimizes the mineral-phase assemblage. This study evaluated the effects of oxygen enrichment applied during the heating stage, the cooling stage, and across the full process on VTM-sinter performance. Infrared thermography, X-ray diffraction (XRD), reflected-light mineral microscopy, and field-emission scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (FE-SEM/EDS) were used to relate oxygen-potential distributions to mineralogy and metallurgical properties. Oxygen enrichment during heating narrowed the combustion zone, concentrated the heat flux, and accelerated liquid-phase formation, yielding a sintering productivity (utilization coefficient) of 2.37 t/(m2·h). It also promoted the formation of dense, acicular silico-ferrite of calcium and aluminum (SFCA), strengthening the bonding phase and thereby improving sinter strength and the low-temperature reduction-degradation index (RDI). By contrast, oxygen enrichment during cooling or throughout the process increased perovskite (CaTiO3), produced skeletal hematite (Fe2O3), and induced microcracking and porosity, thereby weakening the bonding phase and worsening RDI. Overall, oxygen enrichment confined to the heating stage was the most effective strategy for simultaneously improving VTM-sinter quality and process efficiency.</div>","PeriodicalId":605,"journal":{"name":"JOM","volume":"78 3","pages":"2516 - 2529"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3000,"publicationDate":"2026-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"JOM","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11837-025-08070-y","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Vanadium–titanium magnetite (VTM) typically exhibits poor bed consolidation and unfavorable mineral-phase development during sintering. Oxygen-enriched sintering improves thermal conditions, accelerates oxidation kinetics, and optimizes the mineral-phase assemblage. This study evaluated the effects of oxygen enrichment applied during the heating stage, the cooling stage, and across the full process on VTM-sinter performance. Infrared thermography, X-ray diffraction (XRD), reflected-light mineral microscopy, and field-emission scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (FE-SEM/EDS) were used to relate oxygen-potential distributions to mineralogy and metallurgical properties. Oxygen enrichment during heating narrowed the combustion zone, concentrated the heat flux, and accelerated liquid-phase formation, yielding a sintering productivity (utilization coefficient) of 2.37 t/(m²·h). It also promoted the formation of dense, acicular silico-ferrite of calcium and aluminum (SFCA), strengthening the bonding phase and thereby improving sinter strength and the low-temperature reduction-degradation index (RDI). By contrast, oxygen enrichment during cooling or throughout the process increased perovskite (CaTiO₃), produced skeletal hematite (Fe₂O₃), and induced microcracking and porosity, thereby weakening the bonding phase and worsening RDI. Overall, oxygen enrichment confined to the heating stage was the most effective strategy for simultaneously improving VTM-sinter quality and process efficiency.

查看原文本刊更多论文

钒钛磁铁矿的逐步富氧烧结：连接氧势分布、矿物相演化和冶金性能

钒钛磁铁矿（VTM）在烧结过程中表现出较差的床层固结和不利的矿相发育。富氧烧结改善了热条件，加速了氧化动力学，优化了矿物相组合。本研究评估了在加热阶段、冷却阶段和整个过程中应用富氧对vtm烧结性能的影响。利用红外热像仪、x射线衍射仪（XRD）、反射光矿物显微镜和场发射能量色散x射线扫描电镜（FE-SEM/EDS）分析了氧势分布与矿物学和冶金性能的关系。加热过程中的富氧使燃烧区变窄，热流密度集中，液相形成加快，烧结生产率（利用系数）为2.37 t/（m2·h）。它还促进了致密的针状钙铝硅铁氧体（SFCA）的形成，强化了结合相，从而提高了烧结矿强度和低温还原降解指数（RDI）。相反，在冷却或整个过程中，氧气富集会增加钙钛矿（CaTiO3），产生骨架赤铁矿（Fe2O3），并引起微裂纹和孔隙，从而削弱键合相，恶化RDI。总的来说，限制在加热阶段的富氧是同时提高vtm烧结矿质量和工艺效率的最有效策略。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

JOM 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

3.80%

发文量

540

审稿时长

2.8 months

期刊介绍： JOM is a technical journal devoted to exploring the many aspects of materials science and engineering. JOM reports scholarly work that explores the state-of-the-art processing, fabrication, design, and application of metals, ceramics, plastics, composites, and other materials. In pursuing this goal, JOM strives to balance the interests of the laboratory and the marketplace by reporting academic, industrial, and government-sponsored work from around the world.