Ethanopharmacological relevance of Cuscuta reflexa Roxb. and its role as a hepato-protective agent: a comprehensive review

Abstract

Cuscuta reflexa Roxb is a widespread parasitic perennial herb used therapeutically since time immemorial. Various parts of the plant have been utilized for its medicinal value. It is encumbered with several biologically active compounds like amarbelin, cuscutin, and cuscutalin, having inbuilt therapeutic potential with anticancer, antitumor, antibacterial, analgesic, antihelmintic, anti-inflammatory and laxative activities. This review aims to endow with a critical evaluation of the botanical, chemical, therapeutic aspects of Cuscuta reflexa herb with a particular focus on its hepatoprotective properties. Given the ongoing various in vivo and in vitro studies was conducted to specifically evaluate the hepatoprotective properties of traditional herbal preparations derived from this plant and demonstrated its efficacy in mitigating chemically induced liver damage by modulating hepato specific enzymes, oxidative stress, and restores the histo-architecture of liver tissue. The Cuscuta reflexa extracts exhibit a protective effect on hepatic cells and thus could be potentially used in the management of hepatic impairments. Despite encouraging preclinical evidence, further research, including well-structured clinical trials, is crucial to confirm its therapeutic potential and safety profile in human populations. This review underscores the necessity for more in-depth pharmacological and mechanistic studies to validate Cuscuta reflexa as a promising natural hepatoprotective agent.